Macroeconomics

‭persist‬ ‭or‬ ‭become‬ ‭substantial,‬ ‭businesses‬ ‭may‬ ‭decide‬ ‭to‬ ‭pass‬ ‭the‬ ‭cost‬ ‭increases‬ ‭onto‬ ‭consumers in the form of higher prices for goods and services‬ ‭.‬ ‭4.‬ ‭Consumer‬ ‭Impact:‬ ‭Cost-push‬ ‭inflation‬ ‭directly‬ ‭affects‬ ‭consumers‬ ‭by‬ ‭causing‬ ‭the‬ ‭prices‬ ‭of‬ ‭everyday‬ ‭goods‬ ‭and‬ ‭services‬ ‭to‬ ‭rise.‬ ‭This‬ ‭can‬ ‭lead‬ ‭to‬ ‭a‬ ‭decrease‬ ‭in‬ ‭consumers'‬ ‭purchasing‬ ‭power, as their income may not keep pace with the rising cost of living.‬ ‭5.‬ ‭Wage-Price‬ ‭Spiral:‬ ‭One‬‭notable‬‭feature‬‭of‬‭cost-push‬‭inflation‬‭is‬‭the‬‭potential‬‭for‬‭a‬‭wage-price‬ ‭spiral.‬ ‭When‬ ‭prices‬ ‭rise‬ ‭due‬ ‭to‬‭higher‬‭production‬‭costs,‬‭workers‬‭may‬‭demand‬‭higher‬‭wages‬‭to‬ ‭maintain‬‭their‬‭standard‬‭of‬‭living.‬ ‭If‬‭businesses‬‭agree‬‭to‬‭wage‬‭increases,‬‭this‬‭can‬‭further‬‭drive‬ ‭up production costs‬ ‭, leading to a cycle of rising‬‭wages and prices.‬ ‭Graphically,‬ ‭cost-push‬ ‭inflation‬ ‭is‬ ‭illustrated‬ ‭by‬ ‭a‬ ‭decrease‬ ‭in‬ ‭short-run‬ ‭aggregate‬ ‭supply‬ ‭,‬ ‭and‬ ‭therefore,‬ ‭a‬‭shift‬‭of‬‭the‬‭short-run‬‭aggregate‬‭supply‬‭(SRAS)‬‭curve‬‭to‬‭the‬‭left‬ ‭.‬‭This‬‭causes‬‭the‬‭general‬ ‭price level to rise.‬

‭Study Tip‬

‭Cost-push‬ ‭inflation‬ ‭is‬ ‭typically‬ ‭seen‬ ‭as‬ ‭less‬‭desirable‬‭than‬‭demand-pull‬‭inflation,‬‭which‬‭is‬‭driven‬‭by‬ ‭increased‬‭consumer‬‭demand‬‭and‬‭is‬‭often‬‭associated‬‭with‬‭a‬‭growing‬‭and‬‭healthy‬‭economy.‬‭Cost-push‬ ‭inflation‬‭can‬‭create‬‭uncertainty‬‭and‬‭volatility‬‭in‬‭fnancial‬‭markets‬‭and‬‭can‬‭be‬‭more‬‭diffcult‬‭to‬‭manage‬ ‭because it may require addressing the root causes, such as supply disruptions or energy price shocks.‬

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