Microbiology

Microbiology Study Guide

Symptoms of the disease include pain while urinating and fluid-filled vesicles in the genital organs. Treatment of genital herpes is possible by using acyclovir. Among pregnant women, the virus can be transmitted through the placenta and cause an infection in the fetus. Genital Warts Genital warts are caused by the species of virus papillomaviruses . It is also called condyloma acuminatum, since smooth, flat, or large projections appear. Among pregnant women, the infection has the ability to cause cervical cancer. Treatment of genital warts is done by cutting off the wart through surgery. Fungal Diseases Candidiasis (Yeast Disease) Candidiasis is caused by the species of yeast Candida albicans , and generally occurs when a person takes an overdose of antibodies. The overdose kills all of the local bacteria population in the human body. Symptoms of candidiasis include lesions, pruritis, and discharge of a cheesy, yellow color. The physician is often able to diagnose the infection by physical observation of the presence of yeast. Treatment of candidiasis is done by taking an antifungal drug, like nystatin, clotrimazole, or miconazole. Protozoan Diseases Trichomoniasis Trichomoniasis is caused by the species of protozoa Trichomonas vaginalis , which develops along the mucosa in the reproductive tract. Symptoms of the disease include internal loss of comfort and an abundant amount of discharge of a green-yellow color accompanied by a foul smell. Treatment of trichomoniasis is done through a drug therapy of metronidazole. 5.4 Skin and Wound Diseases Bacterial Diseases Skin generally provides shelter to the body against infection, but when microorganisms penetrate the skin, it can cause a number of diseases and infections. The mode of transmission for these diseases is generally physical contact with the infected individual. Infections occurring in the eyes are included in skin and wound diseases since they also erupt on the surface of the body. Tetanus Tetanus is caused by the soil-borne, anaerobic, gram-positive rod spore forming Clostridium tetani . The organism is transmitted through an open wound where it metabolizes and produces a powerful exotoxin. This exotoxin removes acetylcholine from the synapses in the nervous system. Symptoms of the disease include the development of spasms, which impact the muscles and cause clenched fists

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