N212: Health Differences Across the Life Span 2

Health Differences Across the Lifespan 2 Study Guide

Medications used to treat extrapyramidal side effects: • Anticholinergic • Antihistamine • Dopamine Agonist • • •

Benztropine (Cogentin) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Amantadine (Symmetrel)

©2017 Achieve Test Prep Page 46 of 140 Antidepressants: used to treat chronic insomnia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and panic disorder; therapeutic level occurs in 1-3 weeks, with maximum effect in 6-8 weeks Drug Class Generic (Trade) Name Nursing Responsibilities Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) Amitriptyline (Elavil); Clomipramine (Anafranil); Desipramine (Norpramin); Doxepin (Sinequan); Imipramine (Tofranil); Nortriptyline (Pamelor); Protriptyline (Vivactil); Trimipramine (Surmontil) Inform patient that side effects diminish over time; warn about significant weight gain; advise that response will take time Second Generation Tetracyclines Amoxapine (Asendin); Maprotiline (Ludiomil); Mirtazepine (Remeron) General considerations are same as tricyclics SSRIs Citalopram (Celexa); Escitalopram (Lexapro); Fluoxetine (Prozac); Fluvoxamine (Luvox); Paroxetine (Paxil); Sertraline (Zoloft) Inform to take medication as prescribed; monitor for side effects, particularly in the area of sexual dysfunction; patient may be reluctant to discuss Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) Isocarboxazid (Marplan); Phenelzine (Nardil); Selegiline (Emsam); Tranylcypromine (Parnate) Educate about a tyramine restricted diet Atypical Antidepressants Amoxapine (Asendin); Bupropion (Wellbutrin); Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq); Duloxetine (Cymbalta); Mirtazapine (Remeron); Nefazodone (Serzone); Trazodone (Desyrel); Venlafaxine (Effexor) Instruct patient about importance of taking this medication as prescribed; instruct patient to report any signs of sexual dysfunction Common adverse effects from antidepressant medications: orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic, sedation, cardiac toxicity, seizures, hypomania, sexual dysfunction, and hypertensive crisis from tyramine