N213: Health Differences Across the Life Span 3

N213: Health Differences Across the Lifespan 3 Study Guide Example A fourteen-year-old boy goes to school withmeningitis. He just picked it up a few days ago and doesn’t feel any symptoms yet. The organism is present in his body and he is the reservoir . He then coughs on another classmate, which is the mode of transmission . The other classmate breathes in droplets from his cough, which is the portal of entry . This classmate has not been getting enough rest, is not eating right, and is under a lot of stress. This makes the exposed classmate a susceptible host and this person also becomes ill withmeningitis. This is how the chain of infection works. All of the steps need to be in place in order for someone to become ill with a communicable disease. Modes of Transmission Modes of transmission are the different ways that infectious and communicable diseases are spread. These include respiratory droplets (droplet contact), sexual contact, indirect contact (touching a surface that contains an organism), and fecal-oral route. Respiratory droplets (droplet contact): • Tuberculosis • Mononucleosis • Rubeola (Measles) • Streptococcal infections • Rubella (German Measles) • Varicella • Respiratory Syncytial Virus • Haemophilus Influenza • Swine Flu (H1N1) • Mumps • Epiglottitis • Otitis Media • Pertussis (Whooping Cough) • Avian Influenza (H5N1) • Legionnaires’ disease Direct and sexual contact (body fluids and blood): • Hepatitis B and C • HIV/AIDS • Herpes Simplex • Cytomegalovirus • Sexually transmitted diseases (Syphilis, Gonorrhea, and Chlamydia) • Conjunctivitis Fecal-Oral Route: • Infectious diarrhea • Pinworms • Giardiasis • Hepatitis A Another mode of transmission is vector born transmission . Examples include being bit by a mosquito that carries the West Nile Virus or a tick that is carrying Lyme disease. ©2017 Achieve Test Prep Page 8 of 204