N213: Health Differences Across the Life Span 3

N213: Health Differences Across the Lifespan 3 Study Guide

Appendix B: Answer Keys Chapter 1

©2017 Achieve Test Prep Page 197 of 204 Rationale 1 C Rubella can cause birth defects (teratogenic) on an unborn fetus. Pregnant women should be kept away from children with Rubella. 2 B The most common symptom of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is the production of mucopurulent sputum. Generalized or extra pulmonary symptoms may include enlarged lymph nodes. Diarrhea and hematuria are not usually seen with pulmonary tuberculosis. 3 B The most common symptom of allergic conjunctivitis is eye itching. 4 B In HIV, blood and body fluids are the mode of transmission. 5 A The most severe complication from group A beta-hemolytic streptococci is rheumatic fever. To avoid this and other severe complications, the physician should start antibiotic therapy as soon as symptoms appear. 6 B Because persistent gastroenteritis causes fluid loss, decreased absorption of nutrients, electrolyte loss, and dehydration, weight loss, not gain, is common with these infections. 7 A Trichinosis can result from undercooked pork and other meat products. Certain cultures may use raw meat in cooking, which justifies the importance of teaching the community about this risk. 8 A A brassy cough is NOT indicative of infectious mononucleosis. The most common symptoms are sore throat, cervical lymph node enlargement, and fever. 9 D In HIV the CD4+ count lymphocytes (T-Cells) are decreased not increased. 10 B The biggest clinical manifestation of encephalitis is decreased mental status and decreased level of consciousness. A desired outcome would be increased mental status and level of consciousness. Any other outcomes are secondary. 11 B The most important intervention for hepatitis B is prevention of disease transmission to other people. Secondary would be proper diet and avoidance of drugs that are metabolized by the liver. Sodium and protein do not need to be restricted in hepatitis B. 12 B Since shingles (herpes zoster) causes lesions, cool wet dressings can help with pain issues. Analgesics can also help to relieve the pain of shingles. 13 C As soon as Lyme disease is discovered, it is important to start a 10 to 21-day antibiotic regimen to avoid complications of advanced Lyme disease. If no symptoms are present and a patient suffered a recent tick bite then physicians may offer prophylactic antib 14 C Legionella Pneumophila can be found in contaminated water. It is then vaporized and can get into air sources. There are no other modes of transmission for this disease. 15 C Correct hand washing technique is the single most effective way to prevent the spread of nosocomial infections, as well as any infection. It is important to always practice “universal precautions” and treat any patient and any situation as possibly infectious. No. Answer