N213: Health Differences Across the Life Span 3

N213: Health Differences Across the Lifespan 3 Study Guide

©2017 Achieve Test Prep Page 3 of 204 Table of Contents Chapter One: Infectious and Communicable Diseases............................................................................. 6 1.1 Infections ........................................................................................................................................................................7 Chain of Infection ..............................................................................................................................................................................7 Modes of Transmission...................................................................................................................................................................8 Complications of Infectious Diseases........................................................................................................................................9 At Risk Populations for Infectious Disease .............................................................................................................................9 1.2 Mode of Transmission: Respiratory or Droplet Contact ............................................................................ 10 Tuberculosis ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Mononucleosis................................................................................................................................................................................. 14 Rubeola (Measles).......................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Streptococcal Infection ................................................................................................................................................................ 17 Rubella (German Measles) ......................................................................................................................................................... 20 Varicella (Chicken Pox/Shingles) ............................................................................................................................................ 21 Respiratory Syncytial Virus........................................................................................................................................................ 23 Haemophilus Influenza ................................................................................................................................................................ 25 Swine Flu/Novel (H1N1)............................................................................................................................................................. 26 Mumps ................................................................................................................................................................................................28 Epiglottitis ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 29 Otitis Media....................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 Pertussis (Whooping Cough)..................................................................................................................................................... 33 Avian Influenza (H5N1 or Bird Flu)........................................................................................................................................ 34 Legionnaires’ Disease ................................................................................................................................................................... 36 1.3 Immunization Schedules for Communicable Diseases ............................................................................... 39 1.4 Mode of Transmission: Gastrointestinal Tract (Fecal-Oral Route) ........................................................ 40 Infectious Diarrhea ........................................................................................................................................................................ 40 Parasitic Infections ........................................................................................................................................................................ 42 Giardiasis ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 45 Hepatitis A......................................................................................................................................................................................... 46 1.5 Mode of Transmission: Direct and Sexual Contact (Body Fluids and Blood)...................................... 48 Hepatitis B and C ............................................................................................................................................................................ 48 HIV/AIDS ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 51 Herpes Simplex ............................................................................................................................................................................... 55 Cytomegalovirus............................................................................................................................................................................. 57 Sexually Transmitted Diseases ................................................................................................................................................. 59 1.6 Modes of Transmission: Vector Borne, Nosocomial, and Other Contagious Infections .................. 63 Lyme Disease.................................................................................................................................................................................... 63 Encephalitis ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 65 Nosocomial Infections .................................................................................................................................................................. 66 Staphylococcal Infections............................................................................................................................................................ 69 Scabies ................................................................................................................................................................................................70