N213: Health Differences Across the Life Span 3

N213: Health Differences Across the Lifespan 3 Study Guide ©2017 Achieve Test Prep Page 72 of 204 Demonstrates proper hygiene and sanitation precautions • Demonstrates proper hand washing • Verbalizes understanding of disease, treatment, and transmission precautions • Demonstrates medication compliance Rabies Rabies originates from animals and is usually transmitted from infected undomesticated animals such as squirrels, bats, possums, etc. They then bite a domestic animal and that animal can transmit the disease to humans via a bite. The rhabdovirus organism infects the central nervous system and can be fatal. It replicates in striated muscle cells and proceeds to the nervous system, to the spinal cord, and quickly to the brain causing central nervous symptoms. Death from rabies is caused by respiratory failure and vascular collapse. Immunization can prevent rabies and stops the spread of this dangerous infection. It is also rarely transmitted by droplet contact from saliva. Signs and symptoms of rabies: • Fatigue • Pain • Chills • Paresthesia • Pruritis • Headache • Nausea • Productive cough • Anorexia • Anxiety • Fever • Salivation • Photophobia • Dilated pupils • Altered mental status • Hypotension • Nervousness • Irritability • Bradypnea • Paralysis • Perspiration • Dysphagia • Coma • Death Nursing assessment for rabies: • Head to toe general assessment o Assess level of consciousness and mental status o Check pupil responses o Check vital signs: TPR, blood pressure, oxygen saturations, and pain level o Assess skin for pruritis at site of injury/bite o Assess for excessive salivation and perspiration Expected outcomes for scabies: •