SAMPLE NCLEX-LPN

‭2.‬ ‭Toddlers‬ ‭:‬ ‭Safety‬‭issues‬‭arise‬‭due‬‭to‬‭their‬ ‭mobility‬‭and‬‭curiosity‬ ‭,‬‭including‬‭poisoning,‬‭choking,‬ ‭and‬ ‭drowning.‬ ‭Keep‬ ‭medications,‬ ‭poisons,‬ ‭and‬ ‭cleaning‬ ‭supplies‬ ‭in‬ ‭locked‬ ‭cabinets.‬‭Toddlers‬ ‭should be transported only in car seats.‬ ‭3.‬ ‭School-age‬ ‭children‬ ‭:‬ ‭As‬ ‭they‬ ‭spend‬ ‭time‬ ‭in‬ ‭school‬ ‭and‬ ‭play‬ ‭with‬ ‭friends,‬ ‭new‬ ‭safety‬ ‭risks‬ ‭emerge.‬‭Emphasize‬‭the‬‭importance‬‭of‬ ‭traffic‬‭safety,‬‭water‬‭safety,‬‭fire‬‭safety,‬‭and‬‭awareness‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭dangers‬ ‭posed‬ ‭by‬ ‭strangers‬ ‭.‬ ‭Children‬ ‭should‬ ‭use‬ ‭car‬ ‭seats‬ ‭and/or‬ ‭booster‬ ‭seats‬‭until‬ ‭they‬‭can‬‭properly‬‭fit‬‭adult‬‭seat‬‭belts,‬‭typically‬‭at‬‭around‬‭4‬‭'9",‬‭80‬‭lbs,‬‭and‬‭between‬‭ages‬‭8‬‭and‬ ‭12. (Age and height/weight requirements may vary by state.)‬ ‭4.‬ ‭Adolescents‬ ‭:‬‭Adolescents'‬‭sense‬‭of‬ ‭independence‬‭and‬‭invincibility,‬ ‭along‬‭with‬‭their‬‭access‬‭to‬ ‭cars,‬‭create‬‭risks.‬‭Focus‬‭on‬‭driver‬‭education,‬‭alcohol‬‭and‬‭substance‬‭abuse‬‭education,‬‭and‬‭sexual‬ ‭health information.‬ ‭5.‬ ‭Adults‬ ‭:‬ ‭Safety‬ ‭risks‬ ‭for‬ ‭adults‬ ‭encompass‬ ‭home,‬ ‭workplace,‬ ‭and‬ ‭leisure‬ ‭activities‬ ‭.‬ ‭Educate‬ ‭adults about motor vehicle, fire, and firearm safety.‬ ‭6.‬ ‭Older‬ ‭adults‬ ‭:‬ ‭Safety‬ ‭is‬ ‭impacted‬ ‭by‬ ‭aging‬ ‭issues‬ ‭,‬ ‭both‬ ‭physical‬ ‭and‬ ‭cognitive,‬ ‭particularly‬ ‭concerning‬ ‭falls‬‭and‬‭medication‬‭side‬‭effects‬ ‭.‬‭The‬‭possibilities‬‭of‬‭elder‬‭abuse‬‭and‬‭motor‬‭vehicle‬ ‭accidents also increase for older adults.‬ ‭B. Infection Control‬ ‭To‬ ‭effectively‬ ‭address‬ ‭questions‬ ‭about‬ ‭infection‬ ‭control,‬ ‭it's‬ ‭essential‬ ‭to‬ ‭grasp‬ ‭some‬ ‭fundamental‬ ‭information‬‭about‬‭etiologic‬‭agents‬‭and‬‭the‬‭chain‬‭of‬‭infection.‬‭An‬‭etiologic‬‭agent‬‭refers‬‭to‬‭any‬‭pathogen‬ ‭capable of causing an infection, such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, rickettsiae, and helminths.‬ ‭The‬‭Chain of Infection‬‭comprises six key elements:‬ ‭1.‬ ‭Pathogen‬ ‭: This is an infectious agent, such as a bacteria‬‭or virus.‬ ‭2.‬ ‭Reservoirs‬ ‭:‬ ‭These‬ ‭are‬ ‭environments‬ ‭that‬ ‭support‬ ‭the‬ ‭growth‬ ‭and‬ ‭reproduction‬ ‭of‬ ‭infectious‬ ‭agents.‬ ‭Reservoirs‬ ‭can‬ ‭be‬ ‭animate‬ ‭or‬ ‭inanimate.‬ ‭Examples‬ ‭of‬ ‭human‬ ‭systems‬ ‭acting‬ ‭as‬ ‭reservoirs include blood, respiratory, gastrointestinal, reproductive, and urinary systems.‬ ‭3.‬ ‭Portal‬‭of‬‭exit‬ ‭:‬‭This‬‭refers‬‭to‬‭the‬‭site‬‭from‬‭which‬‭infectious‬‭organisms‬‭leave‬‭a‬‭host's‬‭body.‬‭Any‬‭of‬ ‭the aforementioned systems can serve as portals of exit.‬ ‭4.‬ ‭Method‬ ‭of‬ ‭transmission‬ ‭:‬ ‭This‬ ‭describes‬ ‭how‬ ‭an‬ ‭infectious‬ ‭organism‬ ‭is‬ ‭transferred‬ ‭from‬ ‭a‬ ‭reservoir‬‭to‬‭a‬‭host.‬‭Three‬‭primary‬‭transmission‬‭methods‬‭include‬‭direct‬‭contact,‬‭indirect‬‭contact‬ ‭via a vector, or airborne transmission.‬ ‭5.‬ ‭Portal‬‭of‬‭entry‬ ‭:‬‭This‬‭is‬‭the‬‭location‬‭through‬‭which‬‭an‬‭infectious‬‭agent‬‭enters‬‭a‬‭susceptible‬‭host.‬ ‭A portal of entry may also be connected to a system acting as a reservoir.‬ ‭6.‬ ‭Susceptible‬‭host‬ ‭:‬‭This‬‭refers‬‭to‬‭a‬‭client,‬‭staff‬‭member,‬‭or‬‭any‬‭individual‬‭at‬‭risk‬‭of‬‭contracting‬‭an‬ ‭infection.‬

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