NCLEX-PN

●​ Signs and symptoms of endometritis and salpingitis include reduced bowel sounds, rapid heart rate, elevated white blood cell count, fever, abdominal tenderness, pain, and foul-smelling vaginal discharge. ●​ Interventions , aside from administering antimicrobial drugs like clindamycin or gentamycin , may involve fluid rehydration and supportive relief for fever and abdominal pain symptoms. D.​ Tubo-ovarian abscesses stem from acute salpingitis , as well as pelvic inflammatory disease after delivery, abortions, and spontaneous abortions. Left untreated, this condition can lead to severe sepsis and even death. ●​ Signs of tubo-ovarian abscesses include foul-smelling vaginal discharge, high fever, and peritonitis indicators like abdominal and pelvic pain. ●​ Treatment typically entails intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics, fluid replacement, electrolyte restoration, and hospitalization. E.​ Gonorrhea can be transmitted to the fetus both during intrauterine development and childbirth . Symptoms of this sexually transmitted disease include yellowish-green vaginal discharge, dysmenorrhea, abdominal discomfort, and dysuria. It's important to note that gonorrhea can also be asymptomatic . Treatment involves broad-spectrum antibiotics like ceftriaxone and azithromycin. F.​ Chlamydia is a commonly occurring sexually transmitted disease that can present with symptoms like vaginal spotting, perineal itching, and dysuria when symptomatic. During pregnancy, treatment includes amoxicillin or azithromycin. G.​ Candida albicans is a fungal infection that typically arises from factors such as diabetes, oral contraceptive use, and recent antibiotic therapy. Candida albicans can also be transmitted to the newborn during delivery. Oral candida albicans manifests as white-gray patches on the tongue and other oral surfaces, while vaginal candida albicans results in white vaginal discharge and genital redness . Over-the-counter clotrimazole or fluconazole is used to treat this infection. H.​ Chorioamnionitis occurs due to bacterial infection of the chorionic membranes and fetal amnion . It can arise from premature rupture of membranes. ●​ Complications associated with chorioamnionitis include bacteremia, potentially life-threatening sepsis, pelvic abscesses, fetal complications, and postpartum hemorrhage. ●​ Signs and symptoms include maternal fever, maternal leukocytosis of > 15,000 to 18,000 cells/μL , maternal tachycardia, uterine tenderness, and purulent vaginal discharge. Fetal heart rate typically exceeds 160 beats per minute. ●​ When immediate and aggressive intravenous antibiotic therapy proves ineffective, an emergency cesarean section may be required.

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