NCLEX-PN

Important Terms and Concepts Related to the Neurological System ●​ Acalculia refers to the inability of a client to perform basic mathematical calculations like addition and subtraction. This can be a result of neurological impairment. ●​ Agnosia is a condition where a person loses the ability to recognize and identify familiar objects using their senses. This occurs even when the senses themselves are intact and functioning normally. Different types of agnosia are based on each sense, such as auditory, visual, gustatory, olfactory, and tactile agnosia. ●​ Agraphia is the inability to write, often accompanied by difficulties in expressing thoughts through written language. It's a characteristic symptom of Gerstmann's syndrome. ●​ Alexia is a type of receptive aphasia; it occurs when a person cannot process, understand, or read written words. It's sometimes referred to as "word blindness" or "optical alexia." ●​ Anhedonia is a loss of interest or pleasure in life experiences, often stemming from neurological deficits. ●​ Anomia is the inability to name familiar objects or items. Clients may struggle to recall common words or phrases. ●​ Anosognosia refers to a neurological condition where the client lacks awareness of their neurological or psychiatric deficit, and it is linked to conditions such as mental illness, dementia, and structural brain lesions, often observed in clients who have experienced right hemisphere strokes. ●​ Aphasia involves communication difficulties. Expressive aphasia results in an inability to express feelings and wishes verbally, while receptive aphasia causes a lack of understanding spoken words. ●​ Asomatognosia is the inability to recognize one's own body parts. Clients with this condition might not acknowledge the existence of certain body parts. ●​ Astereognosis refers to the incapacity to distinguish the shape and size of objects by touch, as well as the inability to recognize objects through touch. These conditions fall into the categories of apperceptive and associative agnosia. The term "tactile agnosia" is specifically employed for the associative type of this condition. ●​ Asymbolia is the inability to respond to pain, despite having the sensory function to feel pain. Clients with this condition don't react to painful stimuli. ●​ Autotopagnosia is the inability to locate or identify one's own body parts, another person's body parts, or those of a medical model.

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