NCLEX-PN

●​ A lack of orientation. ●​ Body pallor and coolness. ●​ Excessive sleeping.

●​ Restlessness. ●​ Social withdrawal. ●​ Vision-like experiences. ●​ Letting go. ●​ Saying goodbyes to loved ones.

●​ A decreased desire for food and fluids. ●​ Incontinence of the bowels and bladder.

Many clients at the end of life opt for hospice and palliative care over curative treatments. According to the National Board for Certification of Hospice and Palliative Nurses , this care emphasizes physical, psychosocial, emotional, and spiritual needs in collaboration with an interdisciplinary team, providing 24-hour nursing availability, pain and symptom management, and family support. As one's life journey nears its end, the right to decisions aligned with personal, cultural, and religious values remains vital. Nurses play a pivotal role, offering unwavering support, education, and impartial elucidation of medical information. Transparent and empathetic communication, along with seamless teamwork, helps tailor care plans to unique client and family needs. This role extends to preparing both clients and families for the realities accompanying the terminal phase of illness, addressing not only physical aspects but also the transition towards the end of life. Nurses also educate families about signs and symptoms indicative of impending death, reassuring them of the healthcare team's focus on maximizing comfort. Upon the client's passing, nurses acknowledge the profound loss, offer sympathy, and provide opportunities for families to view the body based on their preferences. By adhering to these principles, nurses guide clients and families through this sensitive phase, providing emotional and practical support while respecting individuality and the significance of this pivotal life transition. Just like many other aspects of life, the experience of death differs from person to person and among their families. Meanwhile, the perideath process comprises predictable phases: a swift physiological decline, gradual deterioration over time, or sudden cessation due to traumatic events. Also, Elizabeth Kubler-Ross observed people who were heading toward death and found that there were some similarities between the experiences that she observed. She saw that there were five stages that a person goes through when they are grieving.

The first stage is denial . People go through the denial stage and think that what they are going through isn’t really happening. The next stage is considered anger . A lot of people will go through this and feel as

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