NCLEX-PN

Staging and Supporting Families in Alzheimer's Disease Care Alzheimer's disease is categorized into seven stages according to the Global Deterioration Scale , also known as the Reisberg Scale : ●​ Stage 1 : Cognitive abilities remain intact. ●​ Stage 2 : Minimal forgetfulness appears. ●​ Stage 3 : Mild cognitive changes arise, with potential efforts to conceal memory difficulties. Similar to Early Stage Alzheimer's. ●​ Stage 4 : Confusion about recent events, mild math problems, and routine task challenges. The individual may isolate themselves and acknowledge cognitive issues. ●​ Stage 5 : Early Dementia emerges, marked by escalating memory loss, disorientation, judgment issues, and compromised self-care. Assistance may be needed for daily activities. ●​ Stage 6 : Middle Dementia signifies severe Alzheimer's, characterized by profound memory loss, limited communication, and the need for comprehensive care. Sundowner's syndrome, hallucinations, and agitation may occur. ●​ Stage 7 : Late or Severe Dementia demands complete care, often involving immobility and failure to thrive. Family Education : Supporting families is crucial during Alzheimer's progression. Education should encompass: ●​ Understanding Disease and Progression ●​ Recognizing Signs and Symptoms ●​ Identifying Strengths and Weaknesses ●​ Promoting client Independence ●​ Utilizing Support Systems like family members, home health services, and respite care. Symptom-Related Interventions : Addressing cognitive disorder symptoms involves: ●​ Memory Loss : Employ strategies like reminders and notebooks to aid memory. Create lists for daily tasks. ●​ Communication Problems : Encourage patience, allowing time for processing input and response. Speak slowly and repeat/clarify messages. ●​ Depression : Maintain a caring, calm, and honest environment. Consult the doctor for potential medications and treatments.

285

© 2025 ACHIEVE ULTIMATE CREDIT-BY-EXAM GUIDE | NCLEX-PN ​

​

​

​

​