NCLEX-PN

●​ Basal metabolism rate : A measurement indicating how efficiently the body meets energy demands through the metabolism of food. ●​ Body mass index : A measure used to assess body fat levels and determine if a client is overweight, retaining fluids, or within a suitable range for their height and weight. ●​ Calorie : A unit of measurement for heat and energy. Caloric content varies across food groups, with fat containing 9 calories per gram and protein and carbohydrates containing 4 calories per gram. ●​ Complete protein : A protein source that contains all essential amino acids, along with some non-essential ones. Examples include poultry, meats, fish, and eggs. ●​ Incomplete protein : A protein source that lacks one or more essential amino acids. Vegetables are an example of incomplete proteins. ●​ Essential amino acids : These amino acids are not synthesized by the body and must be obtained through diet. The nine essential amino acids are tryptophan, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, histidine, leucine, threonine, isoleucine, and lysine. ●​ Nonessential amino acids : Amino acids that are synthesized by the body, including cystine, glutamic acid, alanine, aspartic acid, proline, serine, hydroxyproline, and tyrosine. ●​ Dysphagia : This refers to difficulty swallowing. It can arise from anatomical structures or neurological issues. ●​ Fat-soluble vitamins : These vitamins, including A, D, E, and K, can be stored in the body. Excessive accumulation can lead to overdose due to storage. ●​ Water soluble vitamins : Vitamins such as B and C, classified as water soluble, cannot be stored by the body and need consistent intake. The adequacy of nutrition hinges on the client's capacity to eat, chew, and swallow effectively. Apart from conducting a comprehensive evaluation of the client's present nutritional status, nurses also gather information that can indicate the potential for or existence of nutritional deficits . This evaluation involves the collection and analysis of both subjective and objective data. For instance, the A, B, C, and Ds of a nutritional assessment are utilized, along with standardized tools like the client Generated Subjective Global Assessment and the Nutrition Screening Inventory. The A, B, C, and Ds of nutritional assessment comprise: ●​ A: Anthropometric Data : This involves measurements such as height, weight, body mass index, mid-arm circumference, and triceps skinfold. Understanding these terms aids in comprehending the nuances of nutrition and hydration. Assessing the Client's Eating Ability and Nutritional Status

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