NCLEX-PN

●​ Thyroid Disorders : Thyroid imbalances can impact metabolism and energy expenditure. 5.​ Cardiovascular Diseases ●​ Heart Failure : Fluid restrictions in heart failure can limit nutrient intake, affecting overall nutrition. ●​ Atherosclerosis : Arterial blockages can reduce blood flow to organs, affecting nutrient delivery. 6.​ Respiratory Disorders ●​ COPD : Difficulty breathing in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can result in increased energy expenditure and reduced intake. ●​ Cystic Fibrosis : This genetic disorder affects digestion and nutrient absorption. 7.​ Renal Disorders ●​ Chronic Kidney Disease : Altered kidney function can affect electrolyte balance and nutrient excretion. ●​ Dialysis : Kidney failure necessitating dialysis can cause protein and nutrient losses. Interventions ●​ Collaboration : Healthcare professionals must work together to address the nutritional impact of diseases, involving dietitians, nurses, doctors, and other specialists. ●​ Nutritional Support : Providing enteral or parenteral nutrition when oral intake is inadequate. ●​ Modified Diets : Designing diets that accommodate specific disease-related nutritional needs. ●​ Supplementation : Offering vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients when deficiencies occur. ●​ Monitoring and Assessment : Regularly evaluating nutritional status and adjusting interventions as needed. Understanding how diseases and illnesses affect nutritional status enables healthcare providers to tailor interventions to each client's specific needs, supporting optimal recovery and overall health. F. Personal Hygiene: Enhancing Well-Being Through Compassionate Care A nurse's role encompasses not only assessing clients' personal hygiene but also assisting them in activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). ADLs include tasks like bathing, dressing, and eating, which are fundamental to daily life. IADLs, on the other hand, involve

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