NCLEX-PN

First page Table of contents Previous page 513 Next page Last page

Chapter 7: Quiz & Answer Key 1. Select the electrolyte that is accurately paired with its normal level: A. Phosphate: From 0.81 to 1.45 mmol/L

B. Chloride: From 60 to 110 mEq/L C. Calcium: From 6.5 to 10.6 mg/dL D. Potassium: From 3.7 to 7.2 mEq/L

Correct Response : A Explanation : The normal level of phosphate is from 0.81 to 1.45 mmol/L. The other normal levels for these electrolytes are: ● Chloride: From 97 to 107 mEq/L. ● Calcium: From 8.5 - 10.6 mg/dL. ● Potassium: From 3.7 to 5.2 mEq/L. (See Comprehensive Understanding of Laboratory Values ) 2. Which is a sign of thrombocytopenia? A. The appearance of petechiae B. Aplastic anemia C. The appearance of thrombophlebitis D. Elevated platelets Correct Response : A Explanation : The appearance of petechiae is a sign of thrombocytopenia, which is a low platelet count. Other signs and symptoms include purpura, easy bruising, epistaxis, spontaneous hemorrhage, and bleeding. Thrombocytopenia can occur as the result of several disorders and therapeutic treatments and interventions, including aplastic anemia, HIV infection, a genetic disorder, cancer, particularly cancer that affects the bones, some viral pathogens like those that cause mononucleosis, as well as therapeutic radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and some medications such as Depakote. (See Applying Knowledge of Pathophysiology to Monitor for Complications ) 3. A nurse is caring for a client who must give a sputum culture. Which of these are the proper instructions the nurse should give to the client for this test? A. After holding your breath for 5 seconds, clear your throat and expel the sputum into the container avoiding saliva to enter as well. B. Cough deeply and expel all of the oral contents into the container. C. Take a deep breath, cough and expel the sputum into the container while avoiding allowing saliva to enter as well. D. Taking a sharp breath in through your nose, mix the mucous that’s cleared from that with sputum cleared from your throat and expel both into the container.

506

Made with FlippingBook - Share PDF online