NCLEX-PN

blanket is used to facilitate and promote the breakdown and excretion of excessive bilirubin from the neonate. Although newer and improved methods to deliver phototherapy are safer and less prone to the complications associated with older methods. For example, older methods of phototherapy employ the use of direct light onto the infant's skin when the infant is only clothed in a diaper; this method of phototherapy requires the placement of eye patches and lubricating eye drops to protect the infant from ocular damage as a result of this direct light, the avoidance of photosensitizing medications like furosemide and tetracycline , and the monitoring of the client's temperature to assess for any hypothermia that can result from the absence of clothing and a blanket over the infant. Newer methods of phototherapy, using a bilirubin blanket, are less prone to complications and risks of complications. Bilirubin blankets use light with filtered out harmful infrared and ultraviolet light. This blanket, which is as effective as the older methods of phototherapy, can be used 24 hours a day and it is rather simple to use, so it can be used in the new mother's home as well as in the acute care setting or the birthing center. When a client is getting phototherapy, the nurse delivers the treatment according to the doctor's order in terms of hours per day, and they also monitor and document the client's: ●​ Skin for changes in color that may indicate an increase or decrease in the amount of bilirubin in the client's blood. ●​ Laboratory bilirubin levels to determine whether or not the client's bilirubin levels are decreasing as a result of the phototherapy. ●​ Volume, color and characteristics of the stool because phototherapy can lead to frequent, loose stools as well as a color change to green colored stools. Providing Comprehensive Ostomy Care and Education Nurses play a crucial role in delivering comprehensive ostomy care and education to clients who have undergone various types of ostomies, including bowel diversion ostomies, tracheostomies, and enteral ostomies. The education provided encompasses several key aspects: ●​ Purpose of the Ostomy: Clients are educated about the underlying reasons for their ostomy, ensuring they understand why the procedure was performed and its anticipated benefits. ●​ Ostomy Care: Clients and their families are instructed on how to care for the ostomy, including proper cleaning, changing of appliances, and maintenance of skin health around the stoma site. ●​ Risks and Side Effects: Information is provided on potential risks and side effects associated with the ostomy, empowering clients to recognize and address any complications promptly. ●​ Reporting to the Doctor: Clients and their caregivers are educated on the importance of timely communication with their healthcare provider. Any concerns or issues related to the ostomy should be reported for appropriate assessment and intervention.

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