NCLEX-PN

●​ Interventions and Treatments : ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, dietary restrictions, implanted devices, and exercise as appropriate. ●​ Complications : Multi-system compromise, including renal and pulmonary systems, and potential respiratory and cardiac arrest if not treated. 2.​ Cardiac Tamponade ●​ Description : Abnormal fluid accumulation around the heart impairs its function. ●​ Signs and Symptoms : Elevated central venous pressure, hypotension, peripheral perfusion issues, tachycardia, dyspnea, and jugular vein distention. ●​ Interventions and Treatments : Emergency measures, oxygen supplementation, and pericardiocentesis if needed. ●​ Complications : Risk of cardiac arrest if not addressed promptly. 3.​ Hypertensive Crisis ●​ Description : Sudden, severe increase in blood pressure. ●​ Signs and Symptoms : Chest pain, altered consciousness, headache, and signs of organ compromise. ●​ Interventions and Treatments : Intravenous antihypertensive medications, like nitroprusside, in combination with other agents. ●​ Complications : Renal failure, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiac arrest. 4.​ Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ●​ Description : Compression of the vena cava disrupts blood return to the heart. ●​ Signs and Symptoms : Tachypnea, dyspnea, edema, seizures, and potential respiratory or cardiac arrest. ●​ Interventions and Treatments : Mechanical ventilation, oxygen supplementation, and seizure precautions. ●​ Complications : Risk of respiratory and cardiac arrest. 5.​ Septic Shock ●​ Description : Systemic infection leads to widespread vasodilation. ●​ Signs and Symptoms : Severe hypotension, altered mental status, cardiovascular compromise, and metabolic imbalances.

580

© 2025 ACHIEVE ULTIMATE CREDIT-BY-EXAM GUIDE | NCLEX-PN ​

​

​

​

​