NCLEX-PN

Chapter 1: Quiz & Answer Key 1. The Patient Self-Determination Act of the United States protects clients in terms of their rights to what? Select all that apply. A.​ Privacy and to have their medical information confidential unless the client formally approves the sharing of this information with others, such as family members. B.​ Make healthcare decisions and to have these decisions protected and communicated to others when they are no longer competent to do so. C.​ Be fully informed about all treatments in terms of their benefits, risks, and alternatives to them so the client can make a knowledgeable and informed decision about whether or not to agree to having it. D.​ Make decisions about who their healthcare provider is without any coercion or undue influence of others, including healthcare providers. Correct Response : B, D Explanation : The Patient Self-Determination Act , established by the US Congress in 1990, grants Americans the authority to make healthcare choices. These decisions are not only safeguarded but also effectively conveyed to others when individuals are no longer capable of making them. These decisions can also include refusals of future care and treatment and are officially documented. This Act also upholds the rights of the client to be free from any form of coercion or undue influence, including that which may be exerted upon them by healthcare providers. Informed consent, a critical component of these advance directives, entails providing the client with comprehensive information about potential treatments and procedures. This information covers the advantages, risks, and available alternatives, enabling the client to make an informed and deliberate decision regarding their healthcare. The law that safeguards these advance directives is the Patient Self-Determination Act. (See Advance Directives, Self-Determination, & Life Planning ) 2. The LPN notices a client with poor gait and balance. The client is currently being treated for hypertension, but the nurse is concerned. What should the nurse do? A.​ Add this issue to the nursing care plan and have daily gait/balance training as an intervention. B.​ Do nothing as this has nothing to do with why the client was hospitalized. C.​ Speak with the attending physician about his concerns and request a referral for the client to go to the hospital gym. D.​ Speak with the attending physician about his concerns and request a referral to physical therapy. Correct Response : D Explanation : Nurses need to be aware of clients’ needs even if they do not pertain to the reason for hospitalization and treatment. It is important to advocate for clients and request referrals when concerns and/or issues arise during care. (See Advocacy )

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