Nursing 104

N104: Essentials of Nursing Care – Health Safety Study Guide Chapter Three: Communication and Learning Issues Effective nursing care is dependent on the intersection of good communication techniques and effective teaching skills. When the nurse provides an environment where excellent communication and teaching can occur, the patient will understand what is expected and will experience increased feelings of psychosocial safety and security. 3.1 Communication Communication is the one common element of all interactions between the nurse and patient. Communication is the act of relaying and receiving meaningful information. Using communication skills, the nurse assesses the patient, delivers care, and provides health teaching. Communication Process Communication involves six basic elements: the sender, the receiver, the internal and external influences, the message, the medium, and the feedback. • The sender is the individual who has information or an idea to convey to another. • The receiver is the individual to whom the message is sent. In the cyclical communication process, each person will be both a sender and a receiver. The nurse will send and receive information from the patient and/or caregiver in an interactional process. At the same time, the patient sends information and receives information. • Both the sender and the receiver are influenced by internal and external factors. Some of these factors may include education, perceptions, emotions, health, family situation, social environment, occupation, and past experiences, etc. Almost any aspect of a patient's situation may influence the ability to communicate. • The message is the thought or information that one person sends to another. • The medium or channel is the way the message gets from sender to receiver and it may be visual, auditory, or kinesthetic. The sender determines the best way to send the message. In order to provide the most effective communication, the nurse must use all channels of communication by showing the patient or family how to perform a task, telling them information, providing written information, and touching the patient to relay feelings of comfort and belonging. • Feedback is the response from the receiver that is sent back to the sender. Feedback will indicate to the sender whether or not the receiver has understood the message that was originally sent. When the sender receives the feedback, the information can be clarified or amplified and sent again.

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