Nursing 105

Essentials of Nursing Study Guide

©2018 Achieve Page 3 of 160 Table of Contents Chapter One: Nutrition ....................................................................................................................7 1.1 Physiology of Nutrition .......................................................................................................................7 Ingestion ..............................................................................................................................................................7 Digestion ..............................................................................................................................................................7 Absorption ...........................................................................................................................................................8 Metabolism ..........................................................................................................................................................8 Elimination ..........................................................................................................................................................9 1.2 Nutrients ..............................................................................................................................................9 Micronutrients .....................................................................................................................................................9 Macronutrients ....................................................................................................................................................9 Deficiencies and Toxicity ..................................................................................................................................10 Essential and Non-Essential Nutrients ............................................................................................................10 The Six Essential Nutrients ...............................................................................................................................11 1.3 Nutritional Needs ..............................................................................................................................17 Nutritional information throughout the life cycle ..........................................................................................18 Nutritional diseases ..........................................................................................................................................19 Feeding Difficulties in Children ........................................................................................................................21 Weight Management .........................................................................................................................................22 1.4 Medications .......................................................................................................................................23 Food/Drug Interactions ....................................................................................................................................23 Drug/nutrient interactions ...............................................................................................................................23 Groups of medicines ..........................................................................................................................................24 1.5 Nutritional Assessment .....................................................................................................................26 Patient History and Physical Examination ......................................................................................................26 1.6 Nutritional Support ...........................................................................................................................27 Nasogastric Tube Insertion ..............................................................................................................................27 Nursing Interventions Prior to Tube Feeding .................................................................................................28 Principles for Administering a Tube Feeding .................................................................................................29 Principles for Administering a Gastrostomy or Jejunostomy Feeding: ........................................................29 Parenteral Nutrition (PN) .................................................................................................................................30 The mouth and pharynx ...................................................................................................................................31 Chapter One Practice Questions .............................................................................................................33 Chapter Two: Elimination ............................................................................................................. 37 2.1 The Large Intestine ...........................................................................................................................37 Functions of the Large Intestine ......................................................................................................................37 Types of Movement in the Large Intestine ......................................................................................................38 Nursing Procedures ..........................................................................................................................................38 2.2 Fecal Elimination ...............................................................................................................................39