Nursing 105

Essentials of Nursing Study Guide

©2018 Achieve Page 5 of 160 3.5 Blood ..................................................................................................................................................73 Blood Products and Blood Groups ...................................................................................................................73 Products for Transfusion ..................................................................................................................................73 Transfusion Reactions ......................................................................................................................................74 3.6 Pediatric Variations ..........................................................................................................................75 3.7 Complications of Oxygen Therapy ...................................................................................................75 3.8 Pulmonary Volumes and Capacities .................................................................................................76 3.9 Arterial Blood Gases ..........................................................................................................................76 Components of the Arterial Blood Gas ............................................................................................................77 Steps to an Arterial Blood Gas Interpretation .................................................................................................77 Buffer Responses ...............................................................................................................................................78 Acid-Base Disorders ..........................................................................................................................................79 Nursing Procedures ..........................................................................................................................................80 Chapter Three Practice Questions .........................................................................................................82 Chapter Four: Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance ........................................................................... 85 4.1 Principles Related to Normal Fluid and Electrolyte Balance .........................................................85 4.2 Regulation of Body Fluid Compartments .........................................................................................85 Fluid Output .......................................................................................................................................................86 Physiology ..........................................................................................................................................................87 Osmolality ..........................................................................................................................................................87 4.3 Common IV Fluids .............................................................................................................................88 4.4 Regulating Electrolytes .....................................................................................................................88 Factors Influencing the Patient’s Fluid and Electrolyte Balance ...................................................................90 Disturbances in Fluid Volume, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balances ............................................................91 4.5 Common Diseases ..............................................................................................................................91 4.6 Common Risk Factors for Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Disorders .........................................97 4.7 Nursing Procedures ...........................................................................................................................97 Diuretics .............................................................................................................................................................99 Anti-Diarrheals ..................................................................................................................................................99 Anti-Emetics ....................................................................................................................................................100 Chapter Four Practice Questions .......................................................................................................... 102 Chapter Five: Activity and Mobility ............................................................................................ 105 5.1 Normal Movement ........................................................................................................................... 105 5.2 Exercise ............................................................................................................................................ 105 Types of Exercise .............................................................................................................................................106 Benefits of Exercise .........................................................................................................................................106 5.3 Factors Influencing Activity and Mobility ...................................................................................... 107 5.4 Effects of Immobility ....................................................................................................................... 108 5.5 Nursing Procedures ......................................................................................................................... 110 5.6 Body Mechanics ............................................................................................................................... 111