Nursing 108

N108: Transition to the Registered Professional Nurse Role Study Guide Jean Watson Watson’s theory is known as Human Science and Human Care. She believed that the goal of humanity was to have inner harmony. The goals of nursing were unity and harmony. Watson believed the nurse’s priority was to set harmony, strategizing to increase unity, and using harmony to evaluate the degree to which harmony is increased. Imogene King King’s theory is known as the Theory of Goal Attainment. She believed that patients could attain their goals of recovery and health through interactions with nurses. Her theory is a systems theory, in that people are part of a larger system and are interacting within that system. King believed that the nurse’s priority should be the interaction with the patient, strategizing to improve those interactions, and evaluating whether the patient attained his goal of better health. Betty Neuman Neuman’s model is another systems model, known as Health Care System. Her model describes the individual at the center of an open system and protected by lines of defense against stressors and of lines of resistance. There are three levels of prevention: • Primary prevention, which occurs before the stressor • Secondary prevention, which occurs after the stressor • Tertiary prevention, which occurs with the restoration of balance Neuman believed that the nurse’s priority was the prevention of the client’s stress, strategizing to reduce stress and prevent new problems, as well as evaluating if the stress was reduced and new problems prevented. Myra Levine Levine’s theory is known as the Conservation Theory. She believed that nurses should engage in either therapeutic intervention or supportive intervention. Her theory describes the four principles of nursing: • Conservation of energy • Structural integrity • Personal integrity • Social integrity Levine believed that the nurse’s priority should be the integrity of the patient, strategizing to help the patient to either get well or to maintain current health status, and evaluating whether the integrity of the patient had increased through intervention.

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