Nursing 209

N209: Reproductive Health Study Guide

Sexual Dysfunction in Women • Lack of desire or interest: Can be a result of hormonal changes (menopause or pregnancy), stress, medical complications and/or treatment, and fatigue • Inability to become aroused: Resulting from insufficient lubrication, inadequate stimulation, or anxiety • Lack of orgasm: Caused by health problems such as endometriosis, pelvic mass, ovarian cysts, vaginitis, or sexually transmitted disease • Treatment: Education, enhanced stimulation with erotic materials, masturbation, and changes to sexual routine Sexual Dysfunction in Men • Ejaculation disorders: o Premature or inhibited ejaculation (occurring too soon or not at all); this is the most common form of sexual dysfunction in men o Often caused by performance anxiety or psychological factors, such as religion or lack of attraction o Retrograde ejaculation: Ejaculation is forced back into the bladder; most common in diabetes related to nerve problems • Erectile dysfunction: o Also known as impotence and is defined as the inability to attain and/or maintain an erection o Can be a result of stress, anxiety, depression, medications, or relationship issues • Decreased libido: o Can be related to low testosterone, medical illness (such as diabetes or hypertension), medications, and relationship issues • Treatment: o Medications: Viagra, Cialis, or hormone replacement therapy o Medical treatment for underlying cause o Psychological therapy o Mechanical aids (penis pump or penile implant) o Education 1.8 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually transmitted diseases are infections that are spread by sexual contact with an infected partner through oral, anal, or vaginal sex. They are also referred to as STIs (sexually transmitted infections) and often have no signs or symptoms. If left untreated, there is an increased risk of acquiring another STI such as HIV.

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