Nursing 209

N209: Reproductive Health Study Guide

Chapter Three: Antepartal Period

3.1 Maternal • Estimated date of confinement (EDC): Also known as EDD or estimated date of delivery • Naegele’s rule: A calculation invented by Frederick Naegele in the 19 th Century remains the current standard o Add seven days to the first day of the LMP and then subtract three months o Relies on accuracy of dates o Also influenced by oral contraceptive use, early bleeding, menstrual cycle regularity, and breastfeeding • Gravida: The number of times a woman has been pregnant • Parity: The number of deliveries that have occurred after 20 weeks gestation o Recorded in terms of four numbers o Term deliveries (after 37 weeks) o Preterm deliveries (prior to 37 weeks) o Abortions (can be spontaneous or elective; prior to 20 weeks) o Living children o GTPAL 3.2 Pregnancy Symptoms Signs and symptoms begin within the first few weeks after conception. • Presumptive o Missed period (amenorrhea) o Nausea and vomiting (hyperemesis gravidarum in severe cases; the cause is unclear, but may be related to pregnancy hormones) o Urinary frequency o Breast tenderness and swelling (related to estrogen) o Fatigue (related to increase in progesterone) o Quickening (fetal movement felt at 16-20 weeks) o Food aversions or cravings • Probable o Goodell’s sign (cervical softening) o Chadwick’s sign (bluish to purple changes in cervix) o Positive laboratory testing o Hegar’s sign (softening of lower uterine segment)

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