Nursing 209

N209: Reproductive Health Study Guide show symptoms of the disease • Causes severe mental and physical problems • Signs and symptoms appear within three to six months after birth and gradually worsen; death usually occurs by age five Phenylketonuria • Passed down by both parents; affects how the body processes protein • If untreated, can lead to physical and developmental delays Fragile X Syndrome • Caused by a defect in an X chromosome • Passed on by the mother; usually affects male children • Can result in physical defects and impaired growth Trisomy 18 • Also known as Edwards Syndrome • Most cases result from having an extra copy of chromosome 18 in each cell in the body (3 instead of the normal 2) • Most cases are not inherited, but occur due to an error in cell division; very rare • Most children affected die before birth or during their first month of life Trisomy 13 • Also known as Patau Syndrome • Most cases are not inherited; occurs during cell division and infant has an extra chromosome 13 in each cell • Very rare • Only 5-10 percent live past the first year of life Nutrition • The most important non-genetic factor in fetal development • Important nutrients include DHA, protein, iron, folic acid, calcium, and vitamin C • Prenatal nutrition affects fetal growth, gestational weight gain, and development of physiological function • Recommended weight gain is based on pre-pregnancy BMI; for average BMI it’s 25-35 pounds o Gaining more weight than recommended increases the likelihood of the fetus weighing 4000 gms or more o Low BMI pre-pregnancy increases the risk for preterm delivery and IUGR

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