Nursing 209

N209: Reproductive Health Study Guide

Newborn Hearing Screen • Standard of care in the United States • Tested prior to discharge • Pass/fail result • Fail does not indicate hearing loss but indicates a need for further testing Newborn Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Disease (CCHD) • 18:10,000 babies are born with a critical congenital heart defect (not always picked up prenatally or in the nursery) • Must be treated during infancy; if discharged to home without recognition of the defect it can decompensate rapidly • Done after 24 hours of age to decrease false positive results • Pulse oximetry is measured in right hand and either foot o Pass: O2 saturation must be 95% or greater in right hand and either foot, with the difference between them being three or less percent o Fail: 90-95% in either right hand and foot or more than a three percent difference after the third screen

5.19 Neonatal Complications Prematurity • Also known as preterm birth; born prior to 37 weeks gestation • In 2012, one in nine infants in the U.S. were premature • More infants die from prematurity complications than any other cause (

35% of all infant

deaths) Preterm complications include: o Intellectual disabilities o Cerebral palsy o Respiratory problems Causes: o Teen pregnancy or advanced maternal age o Black descent o Low income o Infection o Prior preterm birth

Retinopathy of prematurity Hearing loss Feeding problems Multiple gestation Hypertension Smoking Substance abuse Late entry into prenatal care Excessive stress

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