Nursing 209

N209: Reproductive Health Study Guide • Usually three factors are present in the intestine: ischemia, bacteria, and history of enteral feeding • Sepsis occurs in 33% of infants and death can occur • Signs and symptoms: o Feeding difficulty o Bloody stool o Distention o Blood or bile in gastric residual (noted if tube feedings are given) Neonatal Sepsis • Invasive, usually bacterial infection • Risk factors: o LBW o Low Apgar score (depressed at birth) o Maternal: Low socioeconomic status or PROM • Early onset: Less than three days of birth o Usually results from GBS or E coli (present in maternal vaginal or rectal cultures at term) o Risk factors:  PROM  Chorioamnionitis  GBS colonization  Preterm delivery • Late onset: Usually acquired from the environment o Neonatal hospital acquired infection o Staph is most common o E coli incidence is increased in late onset with LBW infants o Risk factors:  Prolonged IV use  Antibiotics  Long hospitalization  Contaminated IV  Enteral solution • Increased exposure to bacteria can result from: o Overcrowding o Inadequate nurse/patient staffing ratio o Poor handwashing

©2018

Achieve

Page 75

of 109