Nursing 213

N213: Health Differences Across the Lifespan 3 Study Guide • Verbalizes understanding of chemical safety and poisoning prevention • Remains free from injury

4.2 Disorders Resulting from Inflammation Peptic Ulcer Disease Peptic ulcers are caused by the abdominal acids HCL and pepsin eroding the mucosal lining of the stomach, duodenum, esophagus, or pylorus. The most common location is the duodenum and it affects men more often than women. Women are known to develop peptic ulcer disease after menopause. There are other factors that affect peptic ulcer disease, such as helicobacter pylori infection, alcohol use, smoking, stress, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications. These can cause an increase in gastric acids and lower the resistance of the tender gastric mucosa. Signs and symptoms of peptic ulcer disease: • Pain that is relieved by eating • Pain relieved by antacid use • Bleeding (rare) • Dull and gnawing pain in mid- epigastric region • Sharp tenderness on palpation midline • Paresis/heartburn • Nausea/vomiting • Constipation Nursing assessment for peptic ulcer disease: • Inquire about location of symptoms, duration, character of pain, and relief methods used • Take a thorough diet and lifestyle history: alcohol or smoking use, spicy foods in diet, medications, stress, and social history • Review diagnostic studies: o CBC: Checks for anemia due to a bleeding ulcer o Stool for occult blood: Checks for blood in the GI tract o H. Pylori testing: Blood tests can check for the bacteria that causes ulcers o Hydrochloric Acid Studies o Upper GI x-rays/gastroscopy Nursing diagnosis for peptic ulcer disease: • Pain related to gastric irritation • Anxiety related to coping with acute peptic ulcer disease • Altered nutritional status related to stomach pain • Risk for ineffective management related to knowledge deficit of treatment plan

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