Nursing 213

N213: Health Differences Across the Lifespan 3 Study Guide Nursing diagnosis for Hepatitis A: • Risk for altered nutritional status; less than body requirements related to anorexia • Risk for injury related to coagulopathy, secondary to impaired liver function due to virus • Activity intolerance related to fatigue and anorexia • Fluid volume deficit related to gastrointestinal issues • Knowledge deficit related to disease process and transmission risk Nursing interventions for Hepatitis A: • Monitor frequently for symptoms and changes • Encourage fluids; IV therapy per MD order if needed • Give antiemetic for vomiting per MDorder • Give vitamin K for coagulation issues per MDorder • Give analgesics for pain control per MD order • Offer soft, bland diet in small and frequentmeals • Monitor intake and output every shift or daily • Encourage frequent rest periods and pace activities • Patient teaching on disease process and transmission precautions including hand washing techniques • Monitor for bruising; encourage use of electric razor and monitor forbleeding • Check PT and PTT often Expected outcomes for Hepatitis A: • Demonstrates ability to maintain adequate oral intake to maintain weight and fluid status • Demonstrates ability to maintain coagulation and prevent bleeding or injury • Demonstrates increased activity levels and the ability to tolerate activity • Verbalizes knowledge of disease process and risk of transmission 1.5 Mode of Transmission: Direct and Sexual Contact (Body Fluids and Blood) Hepatitis B and C Hepatitis is caused by a virus and is classified as Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. For this mode of transmission, we will only be looking at Hepatitis B and C since they are spread by blood and body fluids. Once the virus is transmitted it causes inflammation in the liver and liver damage with icterus or jaundice and necrosis of the liver. Most people who get hepatitis get acutely ill; many recover from the virus without lasting damage. Others with weaker immune systems or more virulent forms of the virus stay acutely ill with the infection and develop long- term liver disease.

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