Nursing 213

N213: Health Differences Across the Lifespan 3 Study Guide Nursing diagnosis for septic shock: • Impaired gas exchange related to systemic infection • Risk for altered body temperature related to infection • Ineffective breathing pattern related to pulmonary complication • Altered tissue perfusion related to decreased cardiac output, secondary to septic shock • Altered urinary output related to decreased cardiac output and circulating blood volume Nursing interventions for septic shock: • Monitor vital signs: TPR, blood pressure, and oxygen saturations frequently • Administer supplemental oxygen as needed per MDorder • Check breath sounds often • Check mental status and level of consciousness frequently for changes • Monitor skin color for cyanosis and capillary refill; check arterial blood gases • Give IV antibiotics per MD order; blood cultures will determine susceptibility • Give antipyretics for any body temperature over 101⁰ • Monitor urine output and electrolytes • Assist patient to turn, cough, and deepbreathe to prevent respiratory complications • If needed, assist MD with intubation • Encourage increased fluids • Place cooling blankets on patient if necessary Expected outcomes for septic shock: • Demonstrates adequate oxygenation • Demonstrates effective breathing pattern to maintain oxygenation • Demonstrates body temperature within normal limits • Demonstrates adequate tissue perfusion • Demonstrates adequate fluid intake and adequate urinary output Meningitis Meningitis is inflammation of the brain, the spinal cord, and the covering of the spinal cord. It is caused by a number of organisms including viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoa. The infection usually comes from a portal of entry near the spinal cord blood supply. Untreated ear infections can cause meningitis as well as untreated dental infections. Viral mengingitis is usually spread by droplet contact and fungal or protozoal infections come from overwhelming systemic infections with those organisms. Viral meningitis is usually self-limiting and the prognosis is very good with bed rest and supportive

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