SAMPLE College Composition

‭Chapter 1:‬ ‭Grammar Fundamentals‬ ‭Objectives‬ ‭1.‬ ‭To identify common grammatical errors and avoid those errors when writing.‬ ‭2.‬ ‭To understand revision strategies.‬ ‭3.‬ ‭To differentiate between parts of speech.‬ ‭A. Parts of Speech‬

‭Grammar‬ ‭is‬ ‭the‬ ‭rules‬ ‭covering‬ ‭how‬ ‭words‬ ‭are‬ ‭formed‬ ‭and‬ ‭combined‬ ‭to‬ ‭create‬ ‭sentences.‬ ‭It‬ ‭is‬ ‭the‬ ‭structure‬‭of‬‭a‬‭language.‬‭There‬‭are‬‭eight‬‭parts‬‭of‬‭speech.‬‭The‬‭chart‬‭below‬‭lists‬‭these‬‭parts‬‭of‬‭speech‬‭with‬ ‭definition and examples.‬

‭Part of Speech‬

‭Definition‬

‭Examples‬

‭Noun‬

‭Person, place, or thing‬

‭boy, girl, dog, cat‬

‭Verb‬

‭Action or state‬

‭run, sit, talk, read, live‬

‭Pronoun‬

‭Word that replaces a noun‬

‭I, he, she, we, they‬

‭Adjective‬

‭Word used to describe a noun‬

‭yellow, talkative, sad, furry‬

‭Adverb‬

‭Word used to describe a verb‬

‭slowly, well, quietly‬

‭Word that links a noun to another word; used‬ ‭to indicate direction or relationship‬

‭Preposition‬

‭to, after, away, with‬

‭Conjunction‬

‭Word that joins words or sentences‬

‭but, and, or‬

‭Interjection‬

‭Short exclamation expressing emotion‬

‭Ouch! Hi! Aha!‬

‭These‬‭eight‬‭parts‬‭are‬‭used‬‭by‬‭writers‬‭to‬‭form‬‭sentences.‬‭A‬‭basic‬‭sentence‬‭contains‬‭both‬‭a‬‭subject‬‭and‬‭a‬ ‭predicate.‬‭The‬ ‭predicate‬ ‭of‬‭the‬‭sentence‬‭contains‬‭a‬‭verb‬‭and‬‭describes‬‭the‬‭action‬‭or‬‭state‬‭of‬‭being.‬‭The‬ ‭subject‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭sentence‬ ‭contains‬‭a‬‭noun‬‭that‬‭describes‬‭who‬‭or‬‭what‬‭is‬‭doing‬‭the‬‭action.‬‭The‬‭verb‬‭may‬ ‭also‬ ‭have‬ ‭an‬ ‭object,‬ ‭which‬ ‭is‬ ‭a‬ ‭noun‬ ‭that‬ ‭describes‬ ‭who‬ ‭or‬ ‭what‬ ‭received‬ ‭the‬ ‭action.‬ ‭Modifiers‬ ‭are‬ ‭adjectives or adverbs used to describe the subject, predicate, or object.‬ ‭Nouns,‬‭verbs,‬‭and‬‭pronouns‬‭have‬‭number.‬‭This‬‭refers‬‭to‬‭whether‬‭the‬‭word‬‭is‬‭singular‬‭or‬‭plural.‬‭Pronouns‬ ‭and‬‭verbs‬‭can‬‭be‬‭first,‬‭second,‬‭or‬‭third‬‭person.‬‭Person‬‭describes‬‭the‬‭doer‬‭or‬‭doers‬‭of‬‭the‬‭action.‬‭Verbs‬ ‭can also indicate tense.‬ ‭Tense‬ ‭describes when the‬‭action takes place: past, present, or future.‬ ‭Nouns‬ ‭Subject/predicate‬ ‭agreement:‬ ‭The‬ ‭number‬ ‭indicated‬ ‭by‬ ‭the‬ ‭subject‬ ‭and‬ ‭predicate‬ ‭have‬ ‭to‬ ‭agree.‬ ‭A‬ ‭singular‬‭noun‬‭gets‬‭a‬‭singular‬‭verb,‬‭while‬‭a‬‭plural‬‭noun‬‭gets‬‭a‬‭plural‬‭verb.‬ ‭For‬‭most‬‭verbs,‬‭the‬‭plural‬‭and‬ ‭singular forms are the same. However, in some cases, the verb takes the plural form.‬

‭© 2023 ACHIEVE ULTIMATE CREDIT-BY-EXAM GUIDE‬‭|‬‭COLLEGE COMPOSITION‬

‭5‬