SAMPLE Nursing Entrance Exam Prep
3.2 Fractions 3.2.1 Addition and Subtraction of Fractions
Begin by converting any mixed numbers (if there areany)intoimproperfractions.This meansconvertinganynumberthatrepresentsthesumofawholenumberandaproper fractionintoafractionwhosenumeratorisgreaterthanthedenominator.Thenyouwill determine the least common denominator (LCD) for the fractions. The LCD is the smallest common multiple of the denominators. This is the least number that both denominators divide into evenly. Once you have the LCD, then you will rewrite each fractionasanequivalentfractionwiththeleastcommondenominator.Thenyouwilladd or subtract the numerators, while keeping the common denominator the same. Lastly, check to make sure that the fraction is the simplest fraction. This means that the only common factor between the numerator and the denominator is 1. Example
Question What is the sum of
Solution The LCD of 8 and 12 is 24
a. b. c. d.
Therefore, the answer is A.
3.2.2 Multiplication of Fractions Firstconvertanymixednumberstoimproperfractions.Then,simplifythefactorsinthe numerator(thetopnumberinthefraction)withfactorsinthedenominator(thebottom numberofthefraction).Lastly,multiplythenumeratorstogetherandthedenominators together. Be sure that the fraction is simplified (the only common factor between the numerator and the denominator is1).Whenworkingwithwordproblemskeepinmind that the word “of” usually signifies multiplication. Example: Simplify the expression: 1 2 3 × 2 1 7 Since they are mixed numbers, change them to improper fractions: 1 2 3 = 5 3 2 1 7 = 1 7 5 © 2022 Achieve Page 53 of 198
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