SAMPLE Nursing Entrance Exam Prep

‭4.1.2 Histograms‬ ‭Is‬ ‭a‬ ‭common‬‭method‬‭to‬‭graphically‬‭represent‬‭the‬‭frequencies‬‭data‬‭set.‬‭A‬‭histogram‬‭can‬‭be‬ ‭used‬ ‭for‬ ‭a‬ ‭larger‬ ‭data‬ ‭set.‬ ‭For‬ ‭example,‬ ‭if‬ ‭you‬ ‭have‬ ‭a‬ ‭large‬ ‭population‬ ‭and‬ ‭are‬ ‭gathering‬ ‭statistical‬‭exam‬‭scores‬‭from‬‭numerous‬‭area‬‭colleges,‬‭you‬‭may‬‭have‬‭100‬‭students‬‭out‬‭of‬‭500‬ ‭who‬ ‭receive‬ ‭a‬ ‭94‬ ‭on‬ ‭an‬ ‭exam.‬ ‭That‬ ‭is‬ ‭a‬ ‭large‬ ‭data‬ ‭set‬ ‭and‬ ‭it‬ ‭is‬ ‭not‬ ‭practical‬ ‭to‬ ‭generate‬ ‭a‬ ‭stem-and-leaf‬‭plot.‬‭Histograms‬‭are‬‭usually‬‭generated‬‭using‬‭graphing‬‭or‬‭statistical‬‭software.‬ ‭You can also generate them by hand!‬ ‭Let’s take a look at a histogram.‬

‭This‬ ‭is‬ ‭the‬ ‭typical‬ ‭structure‬‭of‬‭a‬‭histogram.‬‭What‬‭type‬‭of‬‭information‬‭can‬‭we‬‭obtain‬‭from‬‭a‬ ‭histogram?‬ ‭Although‬ ‭I‬ ‭have‬ ‭not‬ ‭assigned‬ ‭any‬ ‭actual‬ ‭data‬ ‭or‬ ‭numerical‬ ‭values,‬ ‭we‬ ‭can‬ ‭see‬ ‭that there are several parts to the histogram.‬ ‭●‬ ‭The‬ ‭solid‬ ‭box‬ ‭seems‬ ‭to‬ ‭be‬ ‭the‬ ‭highest.‬‭This‬‭represents‬‭the‬‭highest‬‭frequency‬‭for‬‭the‬ ‭data‬‭set.‬‭Therefore,‬‭if‬‭we‬‭were‬‭to‬‭look‬‭at‬‭a‬‭data‬‭set,‬‭the‬‭majority‬‭of‬‭the‬‭values‬‭would‬‭fall‬ ‭within the region of the solid box.‬ ‭●‬ ‭Now‬ ‭looking‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭right‬ ‭and‬ ‭left‬ ‭of‬ ‭our‬ ‭highest‬ ‭frequency,‬ ‭we‬ ‭can‬ ‭see‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭histogram‬ ‭is‬ ‭divided‬‭into‬‭two‬‭sides.‬‭The‬‭polka-dot‬‭and‬‭striped‬‭boxes‬‭are‬‭to‬‭the‬‭left‬‭of‬ ‭our‬ ‭highest‬ ‭frequencies.‬ ‭These‬ ‭represent‬‭higher‬‭values‬‭than‬‭our‬‭frequency.‬‭If‬‭that‬‭is‬ ‭confusing,‬ ‭think‬ ‭of‬ ‭it‬ ‭this‬ ‭way.‬ ‭We‬ ‭will‬ ‭say‬ ‭the‬‭data‬‭represents‬‭the‬‭amount‬‭of‬‭time‬‭it‬ ‭takes‬‭students‬‭to‬‭complete‬‭an‬‭exam.‬‭Most‬‭of‬‭the‬‭students‬‭take‬‭65‬‭minutes‬‭to‬‭complete‬ ‭the‬ ‭exam‬ ‭(solid‬ ‭box),‬ ‭the‬ ‭polka-dot‬ ‭and‬ ‭striped‬ ‭boxes‬ ‭represent‬ ‭the‬ ‭number‬ ‭of‬ ‭students‬‭who‬‭take‬‭less‬‭than‬‭65‬‭minutes‬‭to‬‭complete‬‭the‬‭exam.‬‭We‬‭will‬‭say‬‭the‬‭striped‬ ‭box‬‭represents‬‭students‬‭who‬‭can‬‭complete‬‭the‬‭exam‬‭in‬‭55‬‭minutes‬‭and‬‭the‬‭polka-dot‬ ‭box represents students who can complete the exam in 45 minutes.‬ ‭o You can see that there are fewer students who completed the exam in 45 minutes.‬

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