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Similarities between the DNA of certain Paci ic Islanders and Native Americans There is also evidence of a genetic connection between certain Pacific Islanders and Native Americans. Studies have shown that the DNA of certain Pacific Islanders, particularly those from Melanesia, contains markers that are also found in Native American DNA. This suggests that there may have been contact between the two groups at some point in the past. B. Mesoamerican Civilizations Mesoamerica is one of the world's first regions, encompassing modern-day central and southern Mexico, along with northern Central America. Advanced societies flourished in Mesoamerica, characterized by impressive architectural feats, innovative irrigation systems, and intricate societal organizations. However, the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century C.E. marked a turning point in the region's history, as colonization brought significant cultural and political changes that would alter the course of Mesoamerican civilization forever. Why is it called Mesoamerica? The term "Mesoamerica" is derived from the Greek word "messo," which means "middle." It was first used by anthropologist Paul Kirchhoff in 1943. The term Mesoamerica is also commonly used to refer to the pre-contact or pre-Columbian societies that existed in the region before the arrival of Europeans in the late 15 th and early 16 th centuries. This includes a wide range of civilizations and cultures, such as the Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, Mixtec, Toltec, Aztec (also known as Mexica), and others.

Map of Mesoamerica, with the borders of modern countries (Source: Khan Academy)

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