SAMPLE Sociology
● Began around 12,000 years ago. ● Semi-sedentary : they move less frequently comparedto hunter-gatherers. ● Animal herders who live off of the resources derivedfrom their animals. ● Do small-scale trading and selling with other groups. ● Example: Maasai villagers.
Pastoral societies
● Began between 10,000 and 12,000 years ago. ● The life cycleofplantsandeaseofcultivationservedasthefoundationforthe entire society. ● Used simple hand tools and did small-scale farming.
Horticultural Societies
● Began about 8500 years ago. ● Larger populations of people. ● Sedentary and utilizes advanced technology, such as fertilizer and irrigation systems for large-scale farming. ● Began in the 8th century. ● Social structure based around land ownership, ● Powerdistributedthroughacomplexnetworkofloyalties&obligationsbetween a lord & their vassals.
Agricultural
Feudal Society
● An example of a feudal society is that of Medieval Europe. This era was characterized by a strict social hierarchy, with the monarch at the top and nobles, knights, peasants, and serfs below. Severalhundredyearswouldpass before the Industrial Revolution would bring an end to the feudal system. Industrial ● Began with the Industrial Revolution (1780s-1850s), prioritized the employment of both mechanical & human labor in the mass production of goods. ● Characterizedbyacentralizedworkplace,economicinterdependence,formaleducation,andcomplexsocial systems where people shifted from the agricultural way of life to working in factories.
Post-Industrial Society
● Also called digital societiescenteredontheproductionofservices,goods,and information. ● Even though post-industrial cultures continue to use industrial methods & produce goods, they have shiftedtheirattentiontoprovidingservices(suchas electrical repair or medical operations).
Information societies
Since Lenski’s original work, the postmodern society —a culture obsessed with consumer goods and media images—emerged in the latter 1970s. It uses technology extensively and also has emerging cultural groups and social interaction patterns.
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