Sociology

Sociology Study Guide

Activity 2: 1. Society is a group of socially inter-related people, people who share a common culture; a culture is the sum of output of a society, both material and nonmaterial products. 2. A subculture is a group that shares the overall larger culture, but which differs from the main culture with its own values, norms, and lifestyle. 3. Values are the socially agreed on ideas concerning what is good, right, and desirable. Values are also abstract ideas that express the norms of a society. 4. Sensorimotor, preoperational, formal operation, concrete operational 5. Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross first discovered and labeled these stages. 6. Exchange, cooperation, conflict or competition, and coercion. 7. Primary group is the closest set that is made up of individuals who interact constantly. Secondary group is made up of those who interact on a temporary basis; it is less personal. Dyad is a two member group. Triad is a three-member group. 8. Deviance is a behavior that violates a society’s norms and expectations; it results in the disapproval of a large portion of the population. 9. Informal sanctions are applied by the primary group; they are very effective, but also vague. Formal sanctions are imposed by external organizations. 10. Incest taboos, sexual relations inside of marriage, and conformity to heterosexuality. Chapter 4: Activity 1: 1. Activity 2: 1. The term social stratification refers to the structure of inequalities across social groups. 2. The two types of stratification involve open systems, where status change is possible, and closed systems, where status change is unlikely or impossible. 3. Race relates to physical characteristics passed on genetically from generation to generation. Ethnicity refers to cultural characteristics passed on socially. 4. Prejudice is a rigid, irrational attitude, usually negative, toward a group of people. Discrimination is the unequal treatment of groups of people. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B

©2018 Chapter 5: Activity 1: 1. A 2. D 3. D

4. C 5. B 6. B

7. A 8. A 9. C

10. C 11. B 12. A

13. D 14. B

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