Sociology

Sociology Study Guide

o Transitional: Those who attend meetings and contact officials. o Spectator: Those who have little involvement, perhaps voting and displaying a bumper sticker. • Types of special interest groups: o Public interest groups: Their goal is to represent the public good. o Single-issue groups: They concentrate on one narrowly defined interest. o Industry groups: Their goal is to represent large organizations. o Political Action Committees (PACs): They aim to garner political influence by making political contributions. Concerning Medical Institutions: Functionalists relate sickness to a form of deviance that society attempts to overcome. Conflict theorists concentrate on the assumptions that good health is a highly prized resource and the fact that it is unequally distributed among society’smembers. • Types of disease: o Endemic: A disease that is always present in a population. o Epidemic: A usually uncommon disease that becomes a rapidly wide-spreading outbreak that affects a significant portion of the population. o Pandemic: A disease that has spread worldwide. o Acute: A disease that onsets rapidly and has a short duration. o Chronic: A disease that onsets slowly and has a long duration. Concerning Economic Institutions: • Key elements of capitalism: o Private Property Ownership o Profit o Competition • The drawbacks of capitalism: o Inflation (increasing cost of goods and services) o Social inequality (those who own and those who do not) o Large poverty class (those who have can succeed, but possibly not those who don’t) o Unemployment (a continual need) o Stagflation (unemployment combined with inflation) Chapter 6 Preview When reading about social patterns in Chapter 6, the following terms are important to know and understand:

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