US History

U.S. History Study Guide

9.12 Henry Clay’s Compromise Solution Henry Clay designed a new agreement which prohibited Missouri from discriminating against citizens of other states, including Blacks with citizenship. The Compromise cooled tensions between the North and South, but only temporarily. Sectional conflict would only increase in the years to come. Clay guided this bill through the House and it became law, thus maintaining the balance of power. The debates in Congress had reminded everyone of the deep division between the sections, and some saw it as evidence of trouble to come. Thomas Jefferson, in retirement at Monticello, remarked that the news fromWashington was like a “fire-ball in the night.” 9.13 Missouri Compromise Final Outcome Maine admitted as a free state; Missouri admitted as a slave state; slavery prohibited in the Louisiana Territory north of 36º30'; Missouri prohibited from discriminating against black citizens of other states. Significance • It is the first real showing of tensions between North and South • It helped reduce friction between the North and the South and delayed the Civil War 9.14 Culture, Economy, and Innovations The Growth of New York City Its location as a transportation center, along with new innovations in business practices, made New York City into the major trade center and the United States largest city by 1830. One innovation was the packet boat, which was a service that guaranteed on time delivery and helped to organize trade, domestically and internationally. New York soon dominated the domestic market, a situation which gradually reduced the Southern economy’s significance. The Farming Sector As the country grew, the demand for food and crops grew. Farming became more profitable thanks to generous land sale policies by the federal government. As more and more land was set aside for farming by clearing and planting, more timber was waster and the fertility of the land diminished. The Cotton Kingdom The new lands in the Southwest, comprised of Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, proved ideal for the production of cotton. Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton “gin” solved the problem of

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