Anatomy & Physiology I and II

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide nourishment. Eventually, there is multi-organ failure and, subsequently, without intervention, the organism dies. 2.2 General Breakdown of Organ Systems The Integumentary System • Major organs: Skin, hair, sweat glands, and nails • Functions: Protects against environment; helps regulate temperature; provides sensory information The Skeletal System • Major organs: Bones, cartilages, ligaments, and bone marrow • Functions: Support and protection; calcium and mineral storage; forms blood cells The Muscular System • Major organs: Skeletal muscles and tendons • Functions: Provides movement, protection, and support; generates heat for body temperature The Nervous System • Major organs: Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs • Functions: Directs immediate responses to stimuli; coordinates activities of other organ systems; provides and interprets sensory information The Endocrine System • Major organs: Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, hypothalamus, pancreas, suprarenal (adrenal) glands, and gonads • Functions: Directs long term changes in the activities of the organ systems; adjusts metabolic activity and energy The Cardiovascular System • Major organs: Heart, blood, and blood vessels • Functions: Distribute blood cells, water, and dissolved materials, including nutrients, waste products, oxygen and carbon dioxide; distributes heat and controls temperature The Lymphatic System • Major organs: Spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and tonsils • Functions: Provides defense against infection and disease; returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream The Respiratory System • Major organs: Nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and alveoli • Functions: Delivers oxygen to the bloodstream; removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream; produces sounds for communication ©2018 Achieve Test Prep Page 20 of 367