Developmental Psychology

• Psychosocial Theory: It was Erik Erikson who had proposed the notion that the development of personality was inclusive and only occurred though particular stages of development. Erikson believed that there were two developmental stages that coincided with this theory. o Trust vs Mistrust: This occurs when a child is born and lasts until the child is approximately 1 years old. This is the period when attempt to learn what they can trust and what they can’t trust. o Autono y vs Shame/Doubt: This stage begins when a child is approximately 2 years of age. This stage also usually only last about a year, so it will end once the child is approximately 3 years old. This is where a child will explore and develop independence. When toddlers are allowed to explore their surroundings, they become autonomous, but if children are punished for exploring, they will doubt their ability to become independent. 4.11 Non-Prenatal Daycare There is another crucial aspect when it comes to the psychology of toddlers. Many parents work, so therefore they need to find suitable daycare. Studies have shown that quality daycare do not seem to have a negative effect on child development. Some of the social skills that are learn in daycare tend to be invaluable, according to research. Further studies have suggested that children who are placed in daycare without a parent being their caregiver at the time do well at adjusting than a non-daycare. Quality daycare usually has low caretaker to child ratio, as well as high levels of sensorimotor involvement; also, higher levels of safety and health.

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