Developmental Psychology

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Developmental Psychology Table of Contents	3
Chapter 1: Introduction to Developmental Psychology (The Lifespan)	9
1.1 The Basics	9
1.2 Domains of Development	10
1.3 Perspectives and Issues in Developmental Psychology	11
1.4 Development in Context	11
1.5 Approaches to Development	12
1.6 Using the Ecological Approach	13
1.7 Theories of Developmental Psychology	13
1.8 Freud’s Theory of Psychosexual Development	15
1.9 Evaluating Freud’s Theories	16
1.10 Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development	17
1.11 The Life Stages According to Erikson	17
1.12 Behavioral Theory	18
1.13 Classical Conditioning	18
1.14 Operant Conditioning	19
1.15 Reinforcement Schedule	20
1.16 Social Learning Theory	20
1.17 Cognitive Theory	21
1.18 Information Processing and Memory	22
1.19 The Humanistic Theory	23
1.20 Chapter One Review Questions	25
Chapter 2: Research Methods in Psychology	27
2.1 The Scientific Method	27
2.2 Methods of Research	27
2.3 Research Designs	28
2.4 Interpreting Study Results	29
2.5 Ethics in Research	29
2.6 Chapter Two Review Questions	30
Chapter 3: Genetics, Prenatal Development, and Childbirth	32
3.1 Concepts of Genetics	32
3.2 Genetic and Chromosomal Abnormalities	34
3.3 Prenatal Development	35
3.4 Teratogens	35
3.5 Diseases	36
3.6 Medicinal Drugs	36
3.7 Psychoactive Drugs	36
3.8 Low Birth Weight (LBW)	37
3.9 Childbirth and Bonding	37
3.10 Chapter Three Review Questions	38
Chapter 4: Infancy and Toddlerhood	40
4.1 Physical Development	40
4.2 Motor Skill Development	41
4.3 Reflexes	41
4.4 Sensory-Perceptual Development	42
4.5 Nutrition	42
4.6 Cognitive Development	43
4.7 Sensory Coordination	44
4.8 Language Development	44
4.9 Social and Emotional Development	45
4.10 Personality	46
4.11 Non-Prenatal Daycare	47
4.12 Chapter Four Review Questions	48
Chapter 5: Early Childhood	50
5.1 Physical Development	50
5.2 Cognitive Development	51
5.3 Language and Grammar	52
5.4 Learning Theories	53
5.5 Parent-Child Relationships	53
5.6 Sibling Relationships and Birth Order	54
5.7 Play Behaviors	54
5.8 Media in Early Childhood	55
5.9 Childhood Fears	55
5.10 Concerns in Early Childhood	55
5.11 Chapter Five Review Questions	57
Chapter 6: Middle Childhood	59
6.1 Physical Development	59
6.2 Cognitive Development	59
6.3 Language	60
6.4 Intelligence	60
6.5 Children with Special Needs	61
6.6 Social and Emotional Development	62
6.7 Difficulties of Adjustments	63
6.8 Possible Conflicts in Middle Childhood	64
6.9 Chapter Six Review Questions	65
Chapter 7: Adolescence	68
7.1 Physical Development	68
7.2 Puberty Hormones	69
7.3 Health and Hazards of Adolescence	69
7.4 Adolescent Cognition	70
7.5 Adolescent Sexual Activity	71
7.6 Adolescent Morality	72
7.7 Adolescent Psychosocial Development	72
7.8 Parenting and Peers	73
7.9 Vocational Choices	74
7.10 Concerns and Conflicts of Adolescence	74
7.11 Chapter Seven Review Questions	75
Chapter 8: Early Adulthood	77
8.1 Physical Development and Changes	77
8.2 Concerns and conflicts of Early Adulthood	78
8.3 Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood	79
8.4 Psychosocial Development in Early Adulthood	80
8.5 Vocational Achievement in Early Adulthood	83
8.6 Chapter Eight Review Questions	84
Chapter 9: Middle Adulthood	86
9.1 Physical Development in Middle Adulthood	86
9.2 Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood	88
9.3 Psychosocial Development	89
9.4 Social Dynamics	90
9.5 Chapter Nine Review Questions	91
Chapter 10: Late Adulthood	93
10.1 Age Related Demographic Changes	93
10.2 Ageism	93
10.3 Physical Changes of Late Adulthood	94
10.4 Health Problems of Late Adulthood	95
10.5 Aging Theories	95
10.6 Cognitive Development	96
10.7 Dementia and Alzheimer’s	97
10.8 Psychological Problems	97
10.9 Psychosocial Development Theories	97
10.10 Work and Retirement	98
10.11 Relationships and Intimacy	98
10.12 Conflicts and Concerns of Late Adulthood	98
10.13 Chapter Ten Review Questions	99
Chapter 11: Death and Dying	101
11.1 Attitude Toward Death	101
11.2 The Hospice Movement	102
11.3 The Dying Process	102
11.4 Bereavement and Grief	103
11.5 Right to Die and Euthanasia	103
11.6 Chapter Eleven Review Question	104
Chapter Review Question Answers	106
Practice Exam Answer Key	127

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