Developmental Psychology

It is said that growth spirts are a sudden and rapid growth of the body. The first thing that usually “spirts” first is the extremities such as the arms and the legs. Then the torso will grow then, the rest of the body will fall into place. External changes are not the only change, there are also internal changes such as the growth of organs, and in the way that the organs can function. Usually females will grow approximately 3.5 inches during adolescence while males usually grow approximately 4 inches. 7.2 Puberty Hormones Due to the varying ages when puberty occurs, some males and females will be considered “early bloomers” while others may be considered “late bloomers.” When an adolescent goes through puberty either early or late, there is the increased chance that they may be bullied or ostracized by others because they are not changing like their friends or have changed sooner than their friends. Teasing will typically lead to poor body image problems, which can increase the chance or eating disorders to begin, as well as psychiatric problems. Let’s take a look at some of the main hormones. • Testosterone : This is commonly found in males but is present in females. This helps produce sperm, and is associated with things such as sex drive, aggression and even muscle development. • Estrogen : This is commonly found in females but can be present in males. This helps females produce eggs and is usually associated with libido, sexual interest, the reproductive cycle and even muscle development. 7.3 Health and Hazards of Adolescence One thing that some find hard to believe, is that adolescence is considered a healthy period. This is because the risk of childhood diseases decreased, and diseases and issues that occur during old age will not usually occur during this age period. There are still some concerns in regard to poor health and health hazards. Let’s look at some examples below. • Nutrition o Need for additional vitamins such as supplements are needed due to the intense growth spirts during this age o There is a need for increased calorie intake o Not many adolescents will have the proper intake of fruits and vegetables o Females more so than males will experience iron deficiency • Risky Behavior o Some adolescents will indulge in risky behaviors, usually more so during this age than in any other stage of development o Behaviors are done to separate themselves from their parents and gain better social statuses. During this time, adolescents attempt to learn how to stand alone o Some risky behavior includes  Car accidents  Sexual promiscuity  Drug and alcohol abuse  Disregard of parental direction

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