Human Growth and Development

The nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.

Central Nervous System (CNS) The CNS, made up of the brain and spinal cord processes sensory information, coordinates movement and regulates bodily functions. They are protected by the spine and skull. Communication occurs through electrical impulses sent via neurons connected by synapses . The neuron has three key components: 1.​ Cell Body (Soma): Contains the nucleus, which controls metabolic functions like energy production, protein synthesis, and coordination of cellular processes. 2.​ Dendrites: Branch-like fibers that receive incoming signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body for processing.

3.​ Axon: A long extension that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body. It's coated in myelin for faster transmission and ends in axon terminals, which transmit signals to other neurons.

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