SAMPLE NCLEX - RN

‭Nurses‬‭are‬‭responsible‬‭for‬‭providing‬‭safe‬‭and‬‭cost-effective‬‭care‬‭to‬‭clients‬‭and‬‭helping‬‭them‬‭to‬‭attain‬‭or‬ ‭maintain‬ ‭their‬ ‭independence.‬ ‭Nurses‬ ‭should‬ ‭develop‬ ‭an‬ ‭individualized‬ ‭care‬ ‭plan‬ ‭for‬ ‭each‬ ‭client,‬ ‭considering‬ ‭their‬ ‭needs‬ ‭and‬‭goals.‬‭The‬‭care‬‭plan‬‭development‬‭must‬‭be‬‭in‬‭collaboration‬‭with‬‭the‬‭client‬ ‭and‬ ‭family/caregiver.‬ ‭The‬ ‭involvement‬ ‭of‬ ‭clients‬‭and‬‭their‬‭families‬‭in‬‭the‬‭planning‬‭and‬‭development‬‭of‬ ‭healthcare‬ ‭services‬‭has‬‭been‬‭shown‬‭to‬‭improve‬‭client‬‭health‬‭and‬‭quality‬‭of‬‭life.‬‭The‬ ‭care‬‭plans‬ ‭should‬ ‭incorporate‬‭evidence-based‬‭research‬‭from‬‭medical‬‭literature‬‭and‬‭other‬‭resources.‬‭In‬‭addition‬‭to‬‭starting‬ ‭the‬ ‭care‬ ‭plan‬ ‭for‬ ‭each‬ ‭client,‬ ‭nurses‬ ‭should‬‭also‬‭evaluate‬‭and‬‭revise‬‭the‬‭plan‬‭as‬‭the‬‭client's‬‭condition‬ ‭progresses.‬‭When‬‭the‬‭client‬‭is‬‭ready‬‭to‬‭be‬‭discharged‬‭from‬‭the‬‭hospital,‬‭nurses‬‭should‬‭ensure‬‭that‬‭the‬ ‭client‬ ‭has‬ ‭all‬ ‭the‬ ‭necessary‬ ‭information‬ ‭on‬ ‭discharge‬ ‭procedures,‬ ‭such‬ ‭as‬ ‭medication‬ ‭instructions,‬ ‭follow-up visits, and any future tests.‬ ‭Nursing‬ ‭embodies‬ ‭a‬ ‭multifaceted‬ ‭role‬ ‭encompassing‬‭various‬‭responsibilities‬‭that‬‭are‬‭both‬‭diverse‬‭and‬ ‭intricate.‬ ‭A‬ ‭nurse's‬ ‭duties‬ ‭are‬ ‭adaptable,‬ ‭requiring‬ ‭a‬ ‭range‬ ‭of‬ ‭roles‬ ‭depending‬‭on‬‭the‬‭situation.‬‭These‬ ‭encompass‬ ‭coordinator,‬ ‭communicator,‬ ‭educator,‬ ‭counselor,‬ ‭manager,‬ ‭leader,‬ ‭team‬ ‭player,‬ ‭motivator,‬ ‭delegator, critical thinker, innovator, researcher, and advocate.‬ ‭Case Management‬ ‭Case‬‭Managers‬ ‭are‬‭nurses‬‭that‬‭specialize‬‭in‬ ‭care‬‭coordination‬‭and‬‭organize‬‭client‬‭care‬ ‭,‬‭collaborating‬ ‭with‬ ‭healthcare‬ ‭providers‬ ‭to‬ ‭ensure‬ ‭that‬ ‭clients‬ ‭receive‬ ‭the‬ ‭services‬ ‭they‬ ‭need‬ ‭in‬ ‭a‬ ‭timely‬ ‭and‬ ‭cost-effective‬ ‭manner.‬ ‭Case‬ ‭managers‬ ‭also‬ ‭advise‬ ‭clients,‬ ‭ensuring‬ ‭they‬ ‭have‬ ‭access‬‭to‬‭all‬‭necessary‬ ‭resources‬ ‭to‬‭improve‬‭their‬‭health.‬‭The‬‭case‬‭manager‬‭utilizes‬‭the‬ ‭critical‬‭pathway‬ ‭approach‬‭to‬‭provide‬ ‭safe‬ ‭and‬ ‭cost-effective‬ ‭individual‬ ‭care‬ ‭to‬ ‭each‬ ‭client.‬ ‭Critical‬ ‭pathways‬ ‭are‬ ‭management‬ ‭plans‬ ‭that‬ ‭display‬ ‭goals‬ ‭for‬ ‭clients‬ ‭and‬ ‭provide‬ ‭the‬ ‭sequence‬ ‭and‬ ‭timing‬ ‭of‬ ‭actions‬ ‭necessary‬ ‭to‬ ‭achieve‬ ‭these‬ ‭goals‬ ‭with‬ ‭optimal‬ ‭efficiency.‬ ‭This‬ ‭approach‬ ‭is‬ ‭also‬ ‭called‬ ‭clinical‬ ‭pathways‬ ‭,‬ ‭anticipated‬ ‭recovery‬ ‭pathways, or clinical maps.‬ ‭The‬ ‭primary‬ ‭tasks‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭case‬‭manager‬ ‭are‬‭to‬ ‭review‬ ‭appropriate‬‭clinical‬‭referrals,‬‭review‬‭the‬‭client's‬ ‭situation,‬ ‭determine‬ ‭the‬ ‭most‬ ‭cost-effective‬ ‭option,‬ ‭communicate‬ ‭with‬ ‭the‬ ‭client's‬ ‭doctor,‬‭establish‬‭a‬ ‭financial‬‭clearance,‬‭track‬‭the‬‭facilities‬‭and‬‭resources‬‭used‬‭by‬‭the‬‭client,‬‭develop‬‭a‬‭timely‬‭plan‬‭to‬‭monitor‬ ‭and discharge the client, free up the acute care beds, and provide individualized care.‬ ‭Nursing Models‬ ‭Below‬ ‭are‬ ‭the‬ ‭4‬ ‭standard‬ ‭nursing‬ ‭models‬ ‭used‬ ‭in‬ ‭today's‬ ‭healthcare‬ ‭environment.‬ ‭Each‬ ‭model‬ ‭is‬ ‭tailored‬‭to‬‭meet‬‭the‬‭needs‬‭of‬‭the‬‭individual‬‭client‬‭and‬‭the‬‭population‬‭receiving‬‭care.‬‭Nurses‬‭can‬‭take‬‭a‬ ‭holistic‬ ‭approach‬ ‭to‬‭providing‬‭care‬‭through‬‭these‬‭nursing‬‭models‬‭while‬‭ensuring‬‭client‬‭safety‬‭and‬‭cost‬ ‭containment.‬ ‭1.‬ ‭Primary‬ ‭Nursing‬ ‭:‬ ‭A‬ ‭relationship-based‬ ‭practice‬ ‭where‬ ‭the‬ ‭Registered‬ ‭Nurse‬ ‭(RN)‬ ‭actively‬ ‭provides‬ ‭total‬ ‭client‬ ‭care.‬ ‭This‬ ‭approach‬ ‭is‬ ‭very‬ ‭labor-intensive‬ ‭and‬ ‭requires‬ ‭an‬ ‭appropriate‬ ‭amount of nurses.‬

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