Nursing 109

N109: Foundations in Nursing Practice Study Guide Scratches or superficial damage to the cornea. • Cultural blindness: The incapacity to comprehend how specific situations may be seen by individuals belonging to another culture due to a strict alignment with the viewpoints, outlooks, and morals of one’s own society or culture. • Cultural competence: The nurse’s ability to interact effectively with people of different cultures, and from different cultural/ethnic backgrounds. • Cultural diversity: Refers to the variety of the makeup or the multiculturalism of a group, organization, or region. • Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Healthcare (CLAS): A national standard intended to advance health equity, improve quality, and help eliminate healthcare disparities by establishing a blueprint for organizations to deliver effective, understandable, and respectful services at every point of patient contact. • Culture: The nonphysical traits of a group that are based on values, beliefs, patterns of behavior, customs, traditions, rituals, ceremonies, and language that are handed down fromone generation to another. • Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST): A test used to assess children from birth to six years in the social, gross motor, fine motor, and language domains. • Development: Ongoing changes with an increase in complexity or skill. • Dual sensory impairment: A combination of both hearing and sight impairment. • Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare (DPOA): Similar to a living will, however, it takes effect any time unconsciousness or inability to make informed medical decisions is present. A family member or friend is stipulated in the DPOA to make medical decisions on behalf of the patient. • Dying trajectories: The different patterns of dying that are associated with different causes of death and different experiences with dying. • Dying: The process of the body’s preparation for death. • Endemic: The usual number of cases of a specific disease within an area or population. • Environmental needs: Comfort measures that includes orderliness, a quiet, comfortable room, minimal odors, well- controlled temperature, and safety. • Epidemic: Refers to the point in time when the number of new cases of a disease exceeds the number that is normally expected. • Epidemiology: The study of the causes, distribution, and control of disease in populations. • Ethnicity: The state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition. • Ethnocentrism: The belief in the superiority of one’s own ethnic group. • Eustachian tube: The tube from the middle ear to the nasopharynx that allows outside air to pass through, equalizing pressure on both sides of the TM. • Failure to thrive (FTT): Defined as the point at which an infant’s height and weight on a growth chart fall below the fifth percentile. • Focusing: Technique of steering the conversation to keep the communication focused on the topic. • Corneal abrasions:

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