Nursing 109

N108: Transition to the Registered Professional Nurse Role Study Guide

Chapter 2

1. B If it is obvious the patient is not paying attention, it is critical for the nurse to resolve any issues that might be preventing the patient from hearing the instructions. An effective way to do this is to reflectwhat the nurse is seeing (“you seem distracted”) and to provide an outlet for the patient to explain what is distracting her (“tell me what you’re thinking about”). Once the distraction is removed, the patient should be able to concentrate on theteaching. The other options of not addressing the behavior will typically not result in adequate learning 2. C Reflection is the technique of repeating all or part of a message back to the patient and can be used to reflect a patient’s non-verbal behaviors. 3. B When talking about any diagnosis, the statement that everything will be fine will either be perceived as disingenuous or will perhaps give the patient faulty information. Giving the patient permission to talk about the diagnosis or his feelings will open lines of communication. Reassuring the patient that he will get the best of care should be an honest and true response 4. B Because the application of cold decreases swelling and bleeding, cold therapy is particularly effective for acute injuries; heat therapy may be more appropriate for older or chronic injuries. 5. B Neuropathic pain results from damage to nerves. Psychogenic pain is pain that is increased or prolonged by factors such as fear, stress, or anxiety. Chronic pain may be any kind of pain but is pain that lasts over a prolonged period of time. 6. A The individual’s pain threshold is relatively consistent over time. Pain tolerance is the maximum level of pain an individual can tolerate. 7. D Transduction is the beginning of the pain process and occurs when the noxious stimulus hits the nerve endings. Transmission occurs from the site of transduction through the nervous system and into the higher parts of the brain. Perception is the part of the process during which there is a conscious experience of pain. 8. A Studies have shown that patients’ fears of becoming addicted to narcotics are exaggerated and that fear should not prevent the nurse from giving an appropriate amount of pain medication. 9. D All of the other options are true. The elderly may not sense the pain, may expect that pain is something that happens with old age and must be tolerated, and may be concerned that reporting the pain may result in a forced change of lifestyle. 10. C Respiratory depression is a side effect of narcotic analgesics that must be identified. When identified, the administration of the narcotic must be stopped and it may be necessary to give a medication to reverse the actions of the narcotic.

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