Nursing 209

N209: Reproductive Health Study Guide

 Heart rate:  1: <100  2: >100 Reflex irritability:  0: No response  1: Grimace  Muscle tone:  0: Limp  1: Some flexion  2: Active motion Respiration:  0: Absent  2: Crying 2: Pink 0: Absent 

o

o

2: Cry or active withdrawal

o

o

1: Weak cry, decreased ventilation

 • Score of less than seven at five minutes: Continue to monitor the baby and retest every five minutes for up to 20 minutes • A low Apgar score alone is not diagnostic of perinatal asphyxia, but is associated with risk of long-term neurological dysfunction • If the score is persistently below three at five minutes, there may be an increased risk of neonatal mortality • Cyanosis is the earliest sign of asphyxia Newborn Testing • Identifies genetic, metabolic, and endocrine disorders that can affect long-term health and/or survival of the baby • Done via heel stick; blood placed on special filter paper that is mailed to a specific laboratory for testing • All states screen for at least 29 disorders • The most commonly known test is for PKU (Phenylketonuria) o Inborn error of metabolism; gene mutation inherited from both parents o Body cannot metabolize amino acid phenylalanine o Tested after 24 hours of age o If untreated, phenylalanine can build up in the blood to toxic levels, causing problems with brain development and neurological function

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