Nursing 213

N213: Health Differences Across the Lifespan 3 Study Guide

Practice Exam

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Answer

Rationale

1 A AZT (zidovudine) slows the replication of the HIV virus and helps to slow the progression from HIV to full-blown AIDS. 2 A Weight changes, either loss or gain, are directly related to a disease process in the body and are a priority nursing goal. The health history should include all of the selections. 3 A Cultures determine the presence of pathogenic organisms. Sensitivity testing will provide the best antibiotic for a bacterial infection. Titers determine antibodies and a differential is part of a Complete Blood Count. D The VDRL test is the test that detects the syphilis antibody. This test does not detect viruses, antigens, or bacteria. 5 A An elevated temperature indicates a systemic infection. Pale color indicates an infection, but it may not be systemic. Infection does not usually cause pedal edema. 6 D Compartment syndrome causes increased pain with elevation. Petechiae could indicate a fat embolism. 7 B Bacterial meningitis and pneumonia are most often caused by H. Influenza. 8 D People who are immunocompromised, or have had organ transplants, are most susceptible for CMV. Chickenpox, influenza, and COPD are not necessarily immunocompromised. Immunization compliance is the best way to prevent rubeola and knowledge deficit in this area needs to be addressed. A Warm sitz baths are very effective in increasing comfort and circulation in herpes. Cold compresses do not promote the healing of the lesions. Benadryl only decreases itching, and increased fluids do not have much of an effect on herpes di 11 C Infectious mononucleosis is manifested by severe fatigue. Patients require strict bed rest for healing. Bed rest is the main priority nursing intervention. 12 A The priority nursing goal in pertussis is to minimize coughing spells. Providing a calm and quiet environment can help alleviate coughing. 13 A Rubella and any childhood disease are best prevented with compliance to immunization schedules. 14 C The condition epiglottis is a severe medical emergency. Patients must be provided oxygen and a physician alerted ASAP. Patients may require intubation or a tracheotomy to facilitate respiration. D Septic shock occurs when a systemic infection releases toxins into the bloodstream. It may originate from a localized infection that did not respond to treatment. Septic shock is almost always life threatening, most often when the organism 18 B The nurse should always teach a patient with Lyme disease to avoid tick infested areas, remove ticks immediately, and use insect repellant spray. There is no vaccine for Lyme disease. C Hand washing is always the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection and should be a priority teaching. 20 B The best way to detect pinworms is with cellophane tape. Stool cultures for ova and parasite do not always detect pinworms. Blood cultures and gastric aspiration are not used to detect pinworms. 4 9 B 10 15 16 17 D A The salivary and parotid glands are affected by mumps. Parents should be taught that no foreign objects should be placed in the ear canal. 19

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