Nursing 213

N213: Health Differences Across the Lifespan 3 Study Guide

No.

Answer

Rationale

21 A Hepatitis A is spread via the fecal-oral route. Food is usually contaminated by someone with hepatitis A then ingested by others. 22 D Low arterial O2 causes altered mental status in patients with fat embolism and is usually the earliest sign. 23 A Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci most often causes a sore throat. When a patient presents with rheumatic fever, this is often the cause. Childhood diseases, such as mumps, measles, and viral influenza, do not cause rheumatic fever. D Confirmation of meningitis is made by a positive culture of Neisseria meningitides, one of the most common causes of meningitis. A high cell count, blood, relief of headache after lumbar puncture, and patient tolerance are not confirmatory 26 D When discharging a patient after an animal bite, it is important to address knowledge deficit in the areas of follow-up, wound care, and signs and symptoms of rabies. Impaired tissue integrity should be addressed when the patient is first A The numerical pain scale is the most effective way to rate a patient’s pain. The 1-10 scale should be used both before medication and after to rate the effectiveness of the medication. 28 B Arrhythmia is usually only seen with electrical burns and not thermal burns from a house fire. 29 D As a circulating nurse in the O.R. it is imperative to always follow the surgeon’s orders for positioning the patient. 30 C It is common to see accidental tissue trauma in healthy adults due to occupation or recreational hazards. Tetanus boosters should always be given and toxicology is done upon the company’s order, but not always. Both the epidermis and dermis are damaged in a partial thickness or second-degree burn. 24 B Parkinson’s disease is primarily manifested by slow movement (akinesia) and not fast movement (hyperkinesia). 25 27

31 32 33 34

D A C A

Obesity, not a thin build, is a risk factor for osteoporosis.

Reconstructive surgery is primarily used to restore appearance and function. When a patient sustains an amputation or partial amputation due to trauma, altered tissue perfusion is the highest priority nursing diagnosis. Patients who have received a bee sting with a known bee sting allergy must have “maintaining a clear and patent airway” as a priority outcome. Infection, comfort, and knowledge of an epinephrine device are all secondary. Nurses should encourage a new postoperative patient to perform leg exercises and turn in bed to prevent blood clots and promote circulation. Deep breathing techniques, coughing, and incentive spirometer use all prevent pneumonia. Diet does In people 75 years of age and older, falls are the most frequent cause of injury and death. After exploring the bile duct, a T-tube is used to prevent bile from spilling over into the peritoneal cavity. It also helps to keep the bile duct open until swelling subsides. Penrose drains help drain wounds to the outside of the body. After tonsillectomy, the patient should be placed in the side-lying or prone position to prevent aspiration. Closed wounds are contusions due to the skin not being broken.

35

A

36

A

37 38 39

C A A

40

B

41 C Crohn’s disease is primarily manifested by abdominal pain and diarrhea. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia are lesser seen symptoms, while migraine headaches and constipation are not symptoms of this disease. 42 C The first symptom of juvenile idiopathic arthritis is limping. Decreased range of motion and pericarditis are seen later in the disease. Fever tends to be intermittent.

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