Sociology

Sociology Study Guide

Achieve Test Prep of 172 Interactionist Perspective The viewpoint in sociology that considers how the parts of society act and react. Interview Technique Research method that involves the researcher asking the subject questions. Latent Function An unintended consequence. Manifest Function An obvious consequence. Methodology A set of standards and procedures that guide experimentation and observation. Nonparticipant Observation The type of observation where the researchers stays out of the action. Objectivity Based in calculable data or other non-personal information. Participant Observation Research method that involves a researcher annotating observations as they occur. Population The tested or observed group of individuals. Population Sample A selection of test subjects that is representative of the entire population. Qualitative Methods Use descriptions and shy away from hard facts and toward perception-based information. Quantitative Methods Use quantifiable measurements like numbers and statistics. Questionnaire Technique Interview technique that uses a standard form that respondents fill out and return. Random Sample A selection of test subjects chosen in a random manner; it is usually representative if a large enough sample is taken. Replication Repeating a study or experiment to verify results. Research Evaluation Research method that involves making use of information already available from various sources. Respondents Tested individuals; test subjects. Sociological Concept Generalization based on data. Social Darwinism Survival of the fittest society. Social Dynamics The study of a society’s ability to adapt to changes, both internal and external. Social Experiment Research method in which two variables are observed in a carefully controlled environment; the relationship between the variables is determined. Social Statistics The study of order and stability in society. Sociology Systematic approach to thinking about, studying, and understanding society, human social behavior, and social groups. Page 8

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